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revision 1510 by jonathan, Tue Jul 29 14:48:41 2003 UTC revision 2447 by frank, Mon Dec 13 11:53:15 2004 UTC
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2  <!DOCTYPE book  <!DOCTYPE book
3          PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"          PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
4          "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd"          "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd"
5      [<!ENTITY imgscale "70">]>      [<!ENTITY imgscale "60">]>
6  <!-- $Revision$ -->  <!-- $Revision$ -->
7  <book>  <book>
8    <bookinfo>    <bookinfo>
9      <title>Thuban Manual</title>      <title>User's Manual for Thuban 1.0</title>
10      <author>          <authorgroup>
11        <firstname>Jonathan</firstname><surname>Coles</surname>        <author>
12      </author>          <firstname>Jonathan</firstname><surname>Coles</surname>
13      <author>        </author>
14        <firstname>Jan-Oliver</firstname><surname>Wagner</surname>        <author>
15      </author>          <firstname>Jan-Oliver</firstname><surname>Wagner</surname>
16      <author>        </author>
17        <firstname>Frank</firstname><surname>Koormann</surname>        <author>
18      </author>          <firstname>Frank</firstname><surname>Koormann</surname>
19          </author>
20            </authorgroup>
21      <copyright>      <copyright>
22        <year>2003</year>        <year>2003, 2004</year>
23        <holder>Intevation GmbH</holder>        <holder>Intevation GmbH</holder>
24      </copyright>      </copyright>
25       <revhistory>
26    <!-- comment this first revision out when releasing a real version -->
27         <revision>
28            <revnumber>CVS version $Id$</revnumber>
29            <date></date>
30            <revremark>Under development.</revremark>
31         </revision>
32         <revision>
33            <revnumber>1.0.0</revnumber>
34            <date>22-Jan-2004</date>
35            <revremark>
36                            Corresponds to Thuban 1.0.0.
37                            New: Installation instructions for Win32.
38                    </revremark>
39         </revision>
40         <revision>
41            <revnumber>1.0pre3</revnumber>
42            <date>04-Dec-2003</date>
43            <revremark>
44                            Corresponds to Thuban 1.0rc1.
45                            New: I18n, right button legend menu, EPSG projectons,
46                PostGIS support.
47                    </revremark>
48         </revision>
49         <revision>
50            <revnumber>1.0pre2</revnumber>
51            <date>29-Aug-2003</date>
52            <revremark>
53                            Corresponds to Thuban development release 0.8.1.
54                            New: chapter on extensions.
55                    </revremark>
56         </revision>
57         <revision>
58            <revnumber>1.0pre1</revnumber>
59            <date>08-Aug-2003</date>
60            <revremark>Corresponds to Thuban development release 0.8.1.</revremark>
61         </revision>
62      </revhistory>
63    
64    </bookinfo>    </bookinfo>
65    
66    <chapter><title>Introduction</title>    <chapter><title>Introduction</title>
67      <para>      <para>
68      Thuban is a Free Software Geographic Information Systems (GIS) viewer.      Thuban is an interactive geographic data viewer.
69      It is being developed because there is currently no simple interactive      Its development had been started because there was no simple interactive
70      viewer for geographic information available as Free Software. Thuban is      viewer for geographic information available as Free Software. Thuban is
71      written in Python and C++ and uses the wxWindows library allowing it to      written mainly in Python and uses the wxWidgets (former wxWindows)
72        library allowing it to
73      run on many different platforms, including GNU/Linux and Windows.      run on many different platforms, including GNU/Linux and Windows.
74      </para>      </para>
75      <para>      <para>
76      GIS viewers are a necessary tool as they allow one to get a visual      Geographic data viewers are a necessary tool as they allow one to
77            get a visual
78      impression of the positional relationship of the information that may not      impression of the positional relationship of the information that may not
79      be apparent from simple inspection of the data values themselves.      be apparent from simple inspection of the data values themselves.
80      Thuban allows the user to create a session that displays      Thuban allows the user to create a session that displays
# Line 40  Line 83 
83      </para>      </para>
84      <para>      <para>
85      Thuban arranges a session in a hierarchy. A session contains a map which      Thuban arranges a session in a hierarchy. A session contains a map which
86      consists of layers. Each layer represents one kind of data set. For      consists of layers. Each layer represents a data set. For
87      instance, there may be a layer for roads and another layer for buildings.      instance, there may be a layer for roads and another layer for buildings.
88      These layers can either be vector shapes or images.      These layers can either be vector shapes or images.
89      </para>      </para>
# Line 48  Line 91 
91          <section><title>Installation</title>          <section><title>Installation</title>
92          <para>          <para>
93          Thuban is actively supported under Debian Testing (sarge), RedHat 7.2,          Thuban is actively supported under Debian Testing (sarge), RedHat 7.2,
94          and Windows 2000. The following list of files that Thuban requires          and Windows 2000. Thuban depends on the following packages. These
95          can be found on the          packages can also be found on the
96          <ulink url="http://thuban.intevation.org/download.html">          <ulink url="http://thuban.intevation.org/download.html">
97          Thuban Download site          Thuban Download site
98          </ulink>.          </ulink>.
99          <variablelist>          </para>
100          <varlistentry>          <para>
101          <term>Debian Testing (sarge)</term>          Required:
102          <listitem>          <itemizedlist>
103              <para>Thuban-0.8.1-1-debian.i386.rpm</para>              <listitem><para>Python 2.2.1
104              <para>GTK 1.2.3</para>                          (<literal>http://www.python.org</literal>)
105              <para>Python 2.2.1</para>                          </para></listitem>
106              <para>Python 2.2 XML Base Tools</para>              <listitem><para>wxWindows 2.4
107              <para>wxWindows 2.4</para>                          (<literal>http://www.wxwindows.org</literal>)
108              <para>wxWindows 2.4 Python Bindings</para>                          </para></listitem>
109              <para>proj 4.4.5 Projection Library</para>              <listitem><para>wxPython 2.4
110              <para>SQLite Python Bindings 0.4.3</para>                          (<literal>http://www.wxpython.org</literal>)
111              <para>GDAL 1.1.8</para>                          </para></listitem>
112          </listitem>              <listitem><para>proj 4.4.5 Projection Library
113          </varlistentry>                          (<literal>http://www.remotesensing.org/proj/</literal>)
114          <varlistentry>                          </para></listitem>
115          <term>RedHat 7.2</term>              <listitem><para>SQLite 2.8.3
116          <listitem>                          <literal>http://www.hwaci.com/sw/sqlite/</literal>)
117              <para>Thuban-0.8.1-1.i386.rpm</para>                          </para></listitem>
118              <para>Python 2.2.1</para>              <listitem><para>PySQLite 0.4.3
119              <para>wxPython 2.4 for Python 2.2 with wxGTK</para>                          (<literal>http://pysqlite.sourceforge.net</literal>)
120              <para>proj 4.4.5 Projection Library</para>                          </para></listitem>
121              <para>SQLite 2.8.3</para>          </itemizedlist>
122              <para>PySQLite 0.4.3</para>          </para>
123              <para>GDAL 1.1.8</para>          <para>
124          </listitem>          Optional:
125          </varlistentry>          <itemizedlist>
126          <varlistentry>              <listitem><para>GDAL 1.1.8
127          <term>Windows 2000</term>                          (<literal>http://www.remotesensing.org/gdal/</literal>)
128          <listitem>                          </para></listitem>
129              <para>Thuban-0.8.1-0.exe</para>              <listitem><para>psycopg 1.0.8
130              <para>Python 2.2.1</para>                          (<literal>http://initd.org/software/psycopg</literal>)
131              <para>wxWindows 2.4 for Python 2.2</para>                          </para></listitem>
132              <para>SQLite Python Libraries</para>              </itemizedlist>
133              <para>GDAL for Thuban</para>          </para>
134          </listitem>                  <para>
135          </varlistentry>                  Along with the source codes, the download page also offers full
136          </variablelist>                  installation packages for Debian, Windows and RPM-based systems
137          </para>                  (Mandrake, RedHat, SuSE, etc).
138                    </para>
139                    <section><title>RPM-based GNU/Linux Systems</title>
140                            <section><title>Installing Binary Packages</title>
141                                    <para>
142                                    The most wide-spread RPM-based GNU/Linux
143                                    Systems are RedHat, Mandrake and SuSE.
144                                    The documentation of these distributions
145                                    should contain information about how to
146                                    install third-party RPM packages.
147                                    Nonetheless, a short summary is provided here.
148                                    </para>
149                                    <para>
150                                    RPM packages can be installed applying several
151                                    tools. The most basic one is the command line
152                                    program "rpm".  The hardware architecture is
153                                    identified in the name of RPM packages, eg.
154                                    'i386' for most Intel/AMD architectures.  
155                                    If you have a different hardware architecture,
156                                    where no binary RPM packages are provided,
157                                    you must rebuild binary packages from the
158                                    RPM source packages first (see below).
159                                    Typical rpm commands look like:
160    
161                                    <programlisting>
162                                    rpm --install Thuban-0.9.0-1.i386.rpm
163                                    </programlisting>
164    
165                                    Depending on what you already have installed
166                                    on your system, you are informed that some
167                                    packages are required, but not installed.
168                                    You need to install them first. Either they
169                                    are provided by your GNU/Linux distributor
170                                    or available somewhere on the Internet.  
171                                    The more essential and special ones are
172                                    provided together with the Thuban package.
173                                    </para>
174    
175                                    <para>
176                                    For rpm exist some graphical user interfaces, notably
177                                    kpackage, GnoRPM and xrpm.
178                                    </para>
179    
180                                    <para>
181                                    Make yourself familiar with one of the tools and apply it
182                                    to install the packages.
183                                    Note, that you need to be administrator (root) for the system
184                                    to do that.
185                                    </para>
186                            </section>
187                            <section><title>Build Binaries from Source Packages</title>
188                                    <para>
189                                    This section describes howto build RPM install-packages
190                                    from RPM source-packages.
191                                    This adapts and optimizes an install-package specifically
192                                    to your system.
193                                    This is especially helpful to resolve version conflicts of
194                                    dependent packages. Furthermore, install-packages for other
195                                    platforms (e.g. PowerPC) can be created.
196                                    </para>
197    
198                                    <para>
199                                    Note: rpm must be at least version 4. Execute
200                                    <literal>rpm --version</literal> to find out about the version.
201                                    </para>
202    
203                                    <para>
204                                    You need to do the following preparations to be able to
205                                    build the packages as a regular user. You should now
206                                    perform the package buling as root since this
207                                    might cause damage to your system.
208                            <itemizedlist>
209                            <listitem>
210                                                    <para>
211                                                    Create RPM directory structure:
212                                                    Choose a directory (e.g. $HOME/myrpm) and create the
213                                                    subdirectories BUILD, RPM, SOURCES, SPECS and SRPMS.
214                                                    A possible command sequence for this is:
215                                                    <programlisting>
216                                                    mkdir $HOME/freegisrpm
217                                                    cd $HOME/freegisrpm
218                                                    mkdir BUILD RPMS SOURCES SPECS SRPMS
219                                                    </programlisting>
220                                                    </para>
221                                            </listitem>
222                                            <listitem>
223                                                    <para>
224                                                    Set environment variable RPM_DIR:
225                                                    <programlisting>
226                                                    export RPM_DIR=$HOME/freegisrpm
227                                                    </programlisting>
228                                                    </para>
229                                            </listitem>
230                                            <listitem>
231                                                    <para>
232                                                    Create $HOME/.rpmmacros:
233                                                    This file sets general preferences and some
234                                                    specific settings for signing packages.
235                                                    If you don't have a GnuPG-key, you can skip
236                                                    the signature settings i.e. drop the last 4 lines.
237                                                    A signature becomes important when you want to
238                                                    give away packages to third parties.
239                                                    <programlisting>
240    <![CDATA[
241    %packager Name Lastname <[email protected]>
242    
243    %_topdir /home/mylogin/myrpm
244    
245    %_signature gpg
246    %_gpg_name Name Lastname
247    %_pgp_path ~/.gnupg
248    %_pgpbin /usr/bin/gpg
249    ]]>
250                                                    </programlisting>
251                                                    </para>
252                                            </listitem>
253                            </itemizedlist>
254    
255                                    Now you can install any RPM source-package.
256                                    It's components are installed into the corresponding
257                                    subdirectories of your rpm-directory.
258                                    Essentially these are the sources (into directory SOURCES)
259                                    and the so-called spec-file which contains all build
260                                    instructions. The spec-file will go into the SPEC directory.
261                                    Example:
262                                    <literal>rpm --install Thuban-0.9.0-1.src.rpm</literal>
263                                    </para>
264    
265                                    <para>
266                                    Create install-package:
267                                    Go to the directory with the spec-files and rebuild the
268                                    package:
269                                    <programlisting>
270    cd $HOME/mypm/SPECS
271    rpm -bb thuban.spec
272                                    </programlisting>
273                                    Next, you will find the newly created package in
274                                    $HOME/myrpm/RPMS/i386.
275                                    If you build the package for another architecture than
276                                    i386, then the name of the directory has a corresponding name.
277                                    </para>
278                                    <para>
279                                    For documentation of RPM, either type
280                                    <literal>man rpm</literal> or <literal>rpm --help</literal>.
281                                    This will provide you with information on the various command
282                                    line options of RPM.
283                                    For more information see the
284                            <ulink url="http://www.rpm.org/">homepage of RPM</ulink>.
285                                    </para>
286                            </section>
287                    </section> <!-- Intro - Installation - RPM-->
288    
289                    <section><title>Win32 Systems</title>
290                    <para>
291                            A common installation package of Thuban for Win32
292                            systems is available from the Thuban website download
293                            section. This installation package is configured for
294                            displaying file based vector data (Shapefiles). For the
295                            display of raster data or the connection to spatial
296                            databases additional steps are needed.  
297                    </para>
298                    <para>
299                            The required Python packages are listed and linked on
300                            the download page as well.  If you don't have Python
301                            installed already, download the packages for Python,
302                            wxPython for Python and the SQLite Python Libraries as
303                            well as the Thuban package. Install all four packages
304                            in the order: Python, wxPython, SQLite, Thuban. Follow
305                            the installation instructions provided by the seperate
306                            setups. The Thuban installation package will add an
307                            entry in the menu folder you configured.
308                    </para>
309                    <section><title>Raster Data: Installation of GDAL</title>
310                    <para>
311                            Enabling the raster data features of Thuban is
312                            straight forward. For the examples we assume that
313                            Thuban has been installed under
314                            <literal>C:\Thuban</literal>:
315                            <itemizedlist>
316                            <listitem>
317                            <para>
318                            Download the zip-archive <ulink
319                            url="ftp://intevation.de/thuban/win2k/gdal-win2k.zip"
320                            >gdal-win2k</ulink>.
321                            </para></listitem>
322                            <listitem><para>Extract the archive (e.g. with
323                            <ulink
324                            url="http://www.info-zip.org/pub/infozip/WiZ.html"
325                            >WiZ (InfoZip)</ulink>) into the
326                            <literal>C:\Thuban\Lib</literal>
327                            directory of your Thuban installation.
328                            </para>
329                            </listitem>
330                            <listitem>
331                            <para>
332                            Extent the <varname>PYTHONPATH</varname>
333                            environment variable (in your Windows Control Panel)
334                            to make the new libraries available for Thuban.
335                            <programlisting>
336    %PYTHONPATH%;C:\Thuban\Lib\gdal;C:\Thuban\Lib\gdal\pymod
337                            </programlisting>
338                            </para>
339                            </listitem>
340                            <listitem>
341                            <para>
342                            Extent also the <varname>PATH</varname>
343                            environment variable accordingly:
344                            <programlisting>
345    %PATH%;C:\Thuban\Lib\gdal
346                            </programlisting>
347                            </para>
348                            </listitem>
349                            </itemizedlist>
350                            After this installation steps Thuban is ready to
351                            display raster data (e.g. the
352                            <literal>island.tif</literal> from the Iceland Demo
353                            data set.
354                    </para>
355                    </section> <!-- Win32: GDAL-->
356    
357                    <section><title>Working with PostGIS: Installation of PsycoPG</title>
358                    <para>
359                            To access PostgreSQL/PostGIS spatial databases with
360                            Thuban you have to install the PsycoPG package for
361                            Windows:
362                            <itemizedlist>
363                            <listitem>
364                            <para>
365                            Download the zip-archive
366                            <ulink
367                                    url="http://stickpeople.com/projects/python/win-psycopg/win-psycopg22.zip"
368                            >win-psycopg22.zip</ulink>.
369                            </para>
370                            </listitem>
371                            <listitem>
372                            <para>
373                            Extract the zip-archive into a directory either already
374                            in your <varname>PYTHONPATH</varname> or extent your
375                            <varname>PYTHONPATH</varname> variable to the directory
376                            you have extracted the archive to.
377                            </para>
378                            </listitem>
379                            </itemizedlist>
380                            For installation and maintenance of spatial databases
381                            we refer to the  <ulink
382                            url="http://postgis.refractions.net"
383                            >PostGIS Homepage</ulink>.
384                    </para>
385                    </section> <!-- Win32: PsycoPG-->
386    
387                    </section> <!-- Intro - Installation - Win32 -->
388          </section>          </section>
389    
390            <section><title>Internationalization</title>
391            <para>
392            Thuban is implemented with internationalization support. So far Thuban
393            is translated by volunteers to the following languages (apart from its
394            main language: English):
395            <itemizedlist>
396                <listitem><para>French</para></listitem>
397                <listitem><para>German</para></listitem>
398                <listitem><para>Italian</para></listitem>
399                    <listitem><para>Portuguese (Brazilian)</para></listitem>
400                <listitem><para>Russian</para></listitem>
401                <listitem><para>Spanish</para></listitem>
402            </itemizedlist>
403            </para>
404    
405            <para>
406            To use internationalization under POSIX systems (like GNU/Linux)
407            you have to set the environment variable LC_ALL accordingly (e.g.
408            LC_ALL=fr_FR for the french language support). Please check your
409            systems documentation for details and supported settings.
410            Specifiying LC_ALL on the command line while launching thuban
411            allows appication specific language settings:
412            </para>
413            <programlisting>
414            LC_ALL=fr_FR thuban.py
415            </programlisting>
416    
417            <para>
418            MS Windows users have to specify the language to be used via the control
419            bar (which effects all applications).
420            </para>
421            </section>
422    
423          <section><title>The Main Window</title>          <section><title>The Main Window</title>
424          <para>          <para>
425          <screenshot>          <figure>
426          <screeninfo>The Main Window</screeninfo>          <title>The Main Window</title>
427          <mediaobject>          <mediaobject>
428          <imageobject> <imagedata fileref="../images/1_2_mainwindow.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/> </imageobject>          <imageobject> <imagedata fileref="../images/1_2_mainwindow.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/> </imageobject>
429          <imageobject> <imagedata fileref="./images/1_2_mainwindow.ps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/> </imageobject>          <imageobject> <imagedata fileref="./images/1_2_mainwindow.ps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/> </imageobject>
         <textobject><phrase>The Main Window</phrase></textobject>  
         <caption><para>The Main Window</para></caption>  
430          </mediaobject>          </mediaobject>
431          </screenshot>          </figure>
432          </para>          </para>
433    
434          <para>          <para>
# Line 160  Line 484 
484          If a session is already loaded and has been modified without          If a session is already loaded and has been modified without
485          being saved a prompt will ask if the current session should          being saved a prompt will ask if the current session should
486          be saved. A new session consists of an empty map with no          be saved. A new session consists of an empty map with no
487          layers and no tables.          layers, no tables and no projection.
488          </para>          </para>
489          </section>          </section>
490    
# Line 174  Line 498 
498          for a Thuban Session file. Thuban session files end with          for a Thuban Session file. Thuban session files end with
499          <varname>.thuban</varname>. Selecting a file a clicking          <varname>.thuban</varname>. Selecting a file a clicking
500          <guibutton>OK</guibutton> will load the session into Thuban.          <guibutton>OK</guibutton> will load the session into Thuban.
501                    </para>
502    
503                    <para>
504          If a session is already loaded and has been modified without          If a session is already loaded and has been modified without
505          being saved a prompt will ask if the current session should          being saved a prompt will ask if the current session should
506          be saved.          be saved.
507          </para>          </para>
508                    
509                    <para>
510                    Thuban provides a path recovery feature: If a (shape) file referenced
511                    in a Thuban session cannot be found at the specified location, the user
512                    is prompted a file dialog. Here a new location can be selected for the
513                    currents layer data source. Cancelling the dialog removes the layer
514                    from the session. If a new location has been selected, Thuban checks
515                    this again, if further layers data sources are missing. The user is
516                    informed about this and can accept or cancel the suggestion.
517            </para>
518          </section>          </section>
519    
520          <section><title>Saving a Session</title>          <section><title>Saving a Session</title>
# Line 187  Line 523 
523          <menuchoice>          <menuchoice>
524          <guimenu>File</guimenu>          <guimenu>File</guimenu>
525          <guimenuitem>Save Session</guimenuitem>          <guimenuitem>Save Session</guimenuitem>
526          </menuchoice>. A dialog box will open allowing the user to browse          </menuchoice>.
527                    In the case the session is not a new and unsaved one,
528                    the corresponding file is updated with the current session
529                    data.
530                    In the case the current session is a new one and yet unsaved
531                    a dialog box will open allowing the user to browse
532          the file system and select a place to save the session. Thuban          the file system and select a place to save the session. Thuban
533          sessions should be saved under a name ending in          sessions should be saved under a name ending in
534          <varname>.thuban</varname>. If the file already exists the user          <varname>.thuban</varname>. If the file already exists the user
# Line 198  Line 539 
539    
540          <section><title>The Session Info-Tree</title>          <section><title>The Session Info-Tree</title>
541          <para>          <para>
542          <screenshot>          <figure>
543          <screeninfo>Session Info Tree</screeninfo>          <title>Session Info Tree</title>
544          <mediaobject>          <mediaobject>
545          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/2_4_session_tree.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/2_4_session_tree.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
546          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/2_4_session_tree.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/2_4_session_tree.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
         <textobject><phrase>Session Info Tree</phrase></textobject>  
         <caption><para>Session Info Tree</para></caption>  
547          </mediaobject>          </mediaobject>
548          </screenshot>          </figure>
549          </para>          </para>
550          <para>          <para>
551          The session info-tree is primarily intended for developers working          The session info-tree is primarily intended for developers working
# Line 248  Line 587 
587    
588          <section><title>Adding and Removing Layers</title>          <section><title>Adding and Removing Layers</title>
589          <para>          <para>
590          There are two types of layers that can be added to a map: shape layers          There are three types of layers that can be added to a map:
591            Shape layers, database layers
592          and image layers. Shape layers are stored in Shapefile format, a          and image layers. Shape layers are stored in Shapefile format, a
593          standard file format for storing geographic objects. These          widely used file format for storing geographic objects. These
594          files have the extension ``.shp''. Associated with          files have the extension ``.shp''. Associated with
595          the shape file is a database file which stores attributes for          the shape file is a database file which stores attributes for
596          each shape in the shape file. This file, in dBase format,          each shape in the Shape file. This file, in dBase format,
597          has the extension ``.dbf''. Both files must have the same base name.          has the extension ``.dbf''. Both files must have the same base name.
598          For example, if there is a shape file named roads.shp there must          For example, if there is a shape file named roads.shp there must
599          also be a file roads.dbf.          also be a file roads.dbf.
600          </para>          </para>
601          <para>          <itemizedlist>
602            <listitem>
603            <para>
604          Shape layers can be added to the map with          Shape layers can be added to the map with
605          <menuchoice>          <menuchoice>
606          <guimenu>Map</guimenu>          <guimenu>Map</guimenu>
607          <guimenuitem>Add Layer</guimenuitem>          <guimenuitem>Add Layer</guimenuitem>
608          </menuchoice>.          </menuchoice>.
609          Thuban will load all files with the same base name, so it doesn't          Initially, only the ``.shp'' files are shown which is enough for the
610          matter if the shape file or database file is selected.                  selection. However, if you switch to display all files and select one
611          </para>                  of the associated files (e.g. ``.dbf''), Thuban will recognize the base
612                    name and load the corresponding Shape file.
613            </para>
614                    <para>
615                    The file dialog for Shape files allows to select multiple files.
616                    Use the shift-button together with the left mouse button to extend
617                    the selection.
618            </para>
619            </listitem>
620    
621            <listitem>
622            <para>Database layers can be added to the map with
623            <menuchoice>
624            <guimenu>Map</guimenu>
625            <guimenuitem>Add Database Layer</guimenuitem>
626            </menuchoice>.
627            A dialog with two is list is opened. The left list displays all
628            database connections currently open for the session. You can retrieve
629            a list of available layers from the selected database which is
630            displayed on the right hand. From this list one layer can be selected,
631            the dialog is closed afterwards.
632            </para>
633            <para>
634            See appendix ``Working with PostGIS'' for details.
635            </para>
636            </listitem>
637    
638            <listitem>
639          <para>          <para>
640          Image layers can be added to the map with          Image layers can be added to the map with
641          <menuchoice>          <menuchoice>
# Line 279  Line 647 
647          or in another file. If geographic information cannot be found, Thuban          or in another file. If geographic information cannot be found, Thuban
648          will report an error.          will report an error.
649          </para>          </para>
650            </listitem>
651            </itemizedlist>
652          </section>          </section>
653    
654          <section><title>Navigation</title>          <section><title>Navigation</title>
# Line 287  Line 657 
657          the tool bar or from the          the tool bar or from the
658          <menuchoice><guimenu>Map</guimenu></menuchoice> menu.          <menuchoice><guimenu>Map</guimenu></menuchoice> menu.
659          </para>          </para>
660            <itemizedlist>
661            <listitem>
662          <para>          <para>
663          The ZoomIn tool          The ZoomIn tool
664          <inlinemediaobject>          <inlinemediaobject>
# Line 303  Line 675 
675          was clicked. Clicking and dragging selects a region that will be          was clicked. Clicking and dragging selects a region that will be
676          enlarged to fit the window.          enlarged to fit the window.
677          </para>          </para>
678            </listitem>
679            <listitem>
680          <para>          <para>
681          The ZoomOut tool          The ZoomOut tool
682          <inlinemediaobject>          <inlinemediaobject>
# Line 319  Line 693 
693          selects a box such that the current contents of the window will be          selects a box such that the current contents of the window will be
694          scaled to fit into that box.          scaled to fit into that box.
695          </para>          </para>
696            </listitem>
697            <listitem>
698          <para>          <para>
699          The Pan tool          The Pan tool
700          <inlinemediaobject>          <inlinemediaobject>
# Line 332  Line 708 
708          </inlinemediaobject>          </inlinemediaobject>
709          allows the user to move the map around by clicking and dragging.          allows the user to move the map around by clicking and dragging.
710          </para>          </para>
711            </listitem>
712            <listitem>
713          <para>          <para>
714          The Full Extent tool          The Full Extent tool
715          <inlinemediaobject>          <inlinemediaobject>
# Line 345  Line 723 
723          </inlinemediaobject>          </inlinemediaobject>
724          rescales the viewable region so that the entire map is visible.          rescales the viewable region so that the entire map is visible.
725          </para>          </para>
726            </listitem>
727            <listitem>
728          <para>          <para>
729          The Full Layer Extent tool          The Full Layer Extent tool
730          <inlinemediaobject>          <inlinemediaobject>
# Line 360  Line 740 
740          layer fits within the window. If no layer is selected this button          layer fits within the window. If no layer is selected this button
741          will be disabled.          will be disabled.
742          </para>          </para>
743            </listitem>
744            <listitem>
745          <para>          <para>
746          The Full Shape Extent tool          The Full Shape Extent tool
747          <inlinemediaobject>          <inlinemediaobject>
# Line 379  Line 761 
761          in a tableview (see below).          in a tableview (see below).
762    
763          </para>          </para>
764            </listitem>
765            </itemizedlist>
766          </section>          </section>
767    
768          <section><title>Object Identification</title>          <section><title>Object Identification</title>
# Line 447  Line 831 
831          <menuchoice><guimenu>Map</guimenu></menuchoice>.          <menuchoice><guimenu>Map</guimenu></menuchoice>.
832          </para>          </para>
833    
834            <itemizedlist>
835            <listitem>
836          <para>          <para>
837          The Move Layer to Top tool          The Move Layer to Top tool
838          <inlinemediaobject>          <inlinemediaobject>
# Line 459  Line 845 
845          <textobject> <phrase>Move Layer to Top</phrase> </textobject>          <textobject> <phrase>Move Layer to Top</phrase> </textobject>
846          </inlinemediaobject> raises the selected layer to the top of the map.          </inlinemediaobject> raises the selected layer to the top of the map.
847          </para>          </para>
848            </listitem>
849            <listitem>
850    
851          <para>          <para>
852          The Move Layer Up tool          The Move Layer Up tool
# Line 472  Line 860 
860          <textobject> <phrase>Move Layer Up</phrase> </textobject>          <textobject> <phrase>Move Layer Up</phrase> </textobject>
861          </inlinemediaobject> raises the selected layer one level.          </inlinemediaobject> raises the selected layer one level.
862          </para>          </para>
863            </listitem>
864            <listitem>
865    
866          <para>          <para>
867          The Move Layer Down tool          The Move Layer Down tool
# Line 486  Line 876 
876          </inlinemediaobject> lowers the selected layer one level.          </inlinemediaobject> lowers the selected layer one level.
877          </para>          </para>
878    
879            </listitem>
880            <listitem>
881          <para>          <para>
882          The Move Layer to Bottom tool          The Move Layer to Bottom tool
883          <inlinemediaobject>          <inlinemediaobject>
# Line 499  Line 891 
891          </inlinemediaobject> lowers the selected layer to the bottom of the map.          </inlinemediaobject> lowers the selected layer to the bottom of the map.
892          </para>          </para>
893    
894            </listitem>
895            <listitem>
896          <para>          <para>
897          The Visible tool          The Visible tool
898          <inlinemediaobject>          <inlinemediaobject>
# Line 513  Line 907 
907          hidden.          hidden.
908          </para>          </para>
909    
910            </listitem>
911            <listitem>
912          <para>          <para>
913          The Invisible tool          The Invisible tool
914          <inlinemediaobject>          <inlinemediaobject>
# Line 526  Line 922 
922          </inlinemediaobject> hides the selected layer in the map.          </inlinemediaobject> hides the selected layer in the map.
923          </para>          </para>
924    
925            </listitem>
926            <listitem>
927          <para>          <para>
928          The Properties tool          The Properties tool
929          <inlinemediaobject>          <inlinemediaobject>
# Line 540  Line 938 
938          Double-clicking on a layer or a group of a layer will open the          Double-clicking on a layer or a group of a layer will open the
939          properties dialog for that layer.          properties dialog for that layer.
940          </para>          </para>
941            </listitem>
942            </itemizedlist>
943    
944            <para>
945            The most used layer related actions are also available from a
946            popup menu. It is raised when a layer is clicked with the right mouse
947            button.
948            </para>
949            
950            <para>
951            <figure>
952            <title>Layer Popup Menu</title>
953            <mediaobject>
954            <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/3_5_popup_menu.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
955            <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/3_5_popup_menu.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
956            </mediaobject>
957            </figure>
958            </para>
959    
960          <para>          <para>
961          Along the bottom of the legend is the scalebar. The scalebar          Along the bottom of the legend is the scalebar. The scalebar
# Line 585  Line 1001 
1001    
1002          <section><title>Types of Layers</title>          <section><title>Types of Layers</title>
1003          <para>          <para>
1004          There are two types of layers supported by Thuban: shape layers and          There are three types of layers supported by Thuban: shape layers,
1005            database layers and
1006          image layers. Shape layers consist of vector based shapes with          image layers. Shape layers consist of vector based shapes with
1007          geo-referenced coordinates. There are three types of supported          geo-referenced coordinates. There are three types of supported
1008          shapes: polygons, lines (arc), and points. Image layers can be any image          shapes: polygons, lines (arc), and points. Database layers are similar
1009            to shape layers but loaded from a database instead of the file system.
1010            Image layers can be any image
1011          file format supported by the Geo-spatial Data Abstraction Library          file format supported by the Geo-spatial Data Abstraction Library
1012          (GDAL). The images must have geographic          (GDAL). The images must have geographic
1013          coordinate data either embedded within the file or in a separate          coordinate data either embedded within the file or in a separate
# Line 619  Line 1038 
1038          and type.          and type.
1039          </para>          </para>
1040          <para>          <para>
1041          <screenshot>          <figure>
1042          <screeninfo>Properties Window</screeninfo>          <title>Properties Window</title>
1043          <mediaobject>          <mediaobject>
1044          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/4_2_layer_properties.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/4_2_layer_properties.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
1045          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/4_2_layer_properties.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/4_2_layer_properties.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
         <textobject><phrase>Properties Window</phrase></textobject>  
         <caption><para>The Properties Window for a Shape Layer</para></caption>  
1046          </mediaobject>          </mediaobject>
1047          </screenshot>          </figure>
1048          </para>          </para>
1049          <para>          <para>
1050          <screenshot>          <figure>
1051          <screeninfo>Properties Window</screeninfo>          <title>Properties Window</title>
1052          <mediaobject>          <mediaobject>
1053          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/4_2_raster_layer_properties.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/4_2_raster_layer_properties.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
1054          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/4_2_raster_layer_properties.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/4_2_raster_layer_properties.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
         <textobject><phrase>Properties Window</phrase></textobject>  
         <caption><para>The Properties Window for an Image Layer</para></caption>  
1055          </mediaobject>          </mediaobject>
1056          </screenshot>          </figure>
1057          </para>          </para>
1058          </section>          </section>
1059    
# Line 735  Line 1150 
1150          changes will not be applied to the map.          changes will not be applied to the map.
1151          </para>          </para>
1152          <para>          <para>
1153          <screenshot>          <figure>
1154          <screeninfo>Properties Window</screeninfo>          <title>Properties Window</title>
1155          <mediaobject>          <mediaobject>
1156          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/5_classification.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/5_classification.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
1157          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/5_classification.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/5_classification.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
         <textobject><phrase>Properties Window</phrase></textobject>  
         <caption><para>The Properties Window with Classifications</para></caption>  
1158          </mediaobject>          </mediaobject>
1159          </screenshot>          </figure>
1160          </para>          </para>
1161          <para>          <para>
1162          The order of the groups in the classification is significant          The order of the groups in the classification is significant
# Line 809  Line 1222 
1222    
1223          <section><title>Generating Classes</title>          <section><title>Generating Classes</title>
1224          <para>          <para>
1225          <screenshot>          <figure>
1226          <screeninfo>Generate Class</screeninfo>          <title>Generate Class</title>
1227          <mediaobject>          <mediaobject>
1228          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/5_3_genclass.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/5_3_genclass.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
1229          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/5_3_genclass.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/5_3_genclass.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
         <textobject><phrase>Generate Class</phrase></textobject>  
         <caption><para>The Generate Classifications Dialog</para></caption>  
1230          </mediaobject>          </mediaobject>
1231          </screenshot>          </figure>
1232          </para>          </para>
1233          <para>          <para>
1234          Creating a classification by hand can be tedious.          Creating a classification by hand can be tedious.
# Line 836  Line 1247 
1247          For every way of generating a classification, a color scheme must          For every way of generating a classification, a color scheme must
1248          be selected. Thuban provides several different color schemes that          be selected. Thuban provides several different color schemes that
1249          affect how the group properties change over the classification.          affect how the group properties change over the classification.
1250            It may be desirable that only certain properties change over the
1251            classification. If the shape type is a polygon or a point then
1252            the <guibutton>Fix Border Color</guibutton> option will be available.
1253            This allows the user to select a border color for all classification
1254            groups.
1255          It is also possible to create a custom color scheme. Selecting          It is also possible to create a custom color scheme. Selecting
1256          this option will display two symbols: the one of the left has the          this option will display two symbols: the one of the left has the
1257          properties of the first group and the one on the right has the          properties of the first group and the one on the right has the
1258          properties of the last group. Thuban will interpolate between these          properties of the last group. Thuban will interpolate between these
1259          two properties to generate the other groups.          two properties to generate the other groups.
1260          <screenshot>          <figure>
1261          <screeninfo>Custom Color Scheme</screeninfo>          <title>Custom Color Scheme</title>
1262          <mediaobject>          <mediaobject>
1263          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/5_2_custom_ramp.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/5_2_custom_ramp.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
1264          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/5_2_custom_ramp.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/5_2_custom_ramp.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
         <textobject><phrase>Custom Color Scheme</phrase></textobject>  
         <caption><para>Custom Color Scheme</para></caption>  
1265          </mediaobject>          </mediaobject>
1266          </screenshot>          </figure>
1267          </para>          </para>
1268          <para>          <para>
1269          The Unique Values option lets the user select specific values that          The Unique Values option lets the user select specific values that
# Line 859  Line 1273 
1273          right. Each list can be sorted or reversed for easier searching.          right. Each list can be sorted or reversed for easier searching.
1274          The classification that is generated will be in the same order as          The classification that is generated will be in the same order as
1275          the list on the right.          the list on the right.
1276          <screenshot>          <figure>
1277          <screeninfo>Unique Values</screeninfo>          <title>Unique Values</title>
1278          <mediaobject>          <mediaobject>
1279          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/5_2_unique_values.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/5_2_unique_values.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
1280          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/5_2_unique_values.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/5_2_unique_values.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
         <textobject><phrase>Unique Values</phrase></textobject>  
         <caption><para>Unique Values Classification</para></caption>  
1281          </mediaobject>          </mediaobject>
1282          </screenshot>          </figure>
1283          </para>          </para>
1284          <para>          <para>
1285          The Uniform Distribution option creates a user specified number of          The Uniform Distribution option creates a user specified number of
# Line 876  Line 1288 
1288          table by clicking <guibutton>Retrieve From Table</guibutton>. The          table by clicking <guibutton>Retrieve From Table</guibutton>. The
1289          stepping is how large each interval is. Adjusting this value will          stepping is how large each interval is. Adjusting this value will
1290          automatically recalculate how many groups is appropriate.          automatically recalculate how many groups is appropriate.
1291          <screenshot>          <figure>
1292          <screeninfo>Uniform Distribution</screeninfo>          <title>Uniform Distribution</title>
1293          <mediaobject>          <mediaobject>
1294          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/5_2_uniform_dist.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/5_2_uniform_dist.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
1295          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/5_2_uniform_dist.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/5_2_uniform_dist.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
         <textobject><phrase>Uniform Distribution</phrase></textobject>  
         <caption><para>Uniform Distribution Classification</para></caption>  
1296          </mediaobject>          </mediaobject>
1297          </screenshot>          </figure>
1298          </para>          </para>
1299          <para>          <para>
1300          The Quantiles option generates ranges based on the number of items          The Quantiles option generates ranges based on the number of items
# Line 892  Line 1302 
1302          generate five groups with appropriate ranges such that 20% of the table          generate five groups with appropriate ranges such that 20% of the table
1303          data is in each group. If it is impossible to generate exact          data is in each group. If it is impossible to generate exact
1304          groupings, Thuban will issue a warning but allow the user to continue.          groupings, Thuban will issue a warning but allow the user to continue.
1305          <screenshot>          <figure>
1306          <screeninfo>Quantiles</screeninfo>          <title>Quantiles</title>
1307          <mediaobject>          <mediaobject>
1308          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/5_2_quantiles.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/5_2_quantiles.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
1309          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/5_2_quantiles.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/5_2_quantiles.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
         <textobject><phrase>Quantiles</phrase></textobject>  
         <caption><para>Quantiles Classification</para></caption>  
1310          </mediaobject>          </mediaobject>
1311          </screenshot>          </figure>
1312          </para>          </para>
1313          </section>          </section>
1314    </chapter>    </chapter>
# Line 922  Line 1330 
1330      <guimenu>Layer</guimenu>      <guimenu>Layer</guimenu>
1331      <guimenuitem>Projection</guimenuitem>      <guimenuitem>Projection</guimenuitem>
1332      </menuchoice>.      </menuchoice>.
1333      <screenshot>      <figure>
1334      <screeninfo>Projection Window</screeninfo>      <title>Projection Window</title>
1335      <mediaobject>      <mediaobject>
1336      <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/6_projection.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>      <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/6_projection.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
1337      <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/6_projection.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>      <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/6_projection.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
     <textobject><phrase>Projection Window</phrase></textobject>  
     <caption><para>The Projection Window</para></caption>  
1338      </mediaobject>      </mediaobject>
1339      </screenshot>      </figure>
1340        </para>
1341        <para>
1342        Thuban is distributed with a sample collection of projections and the
1343        set of coordinate systems as used by the EPSG
1344        (European Petroleum Survey Group). This quite large set is only displayed
1345        if activated by the according checkbox. The set falls into two parts:
1346        deprecated lists all projections which are no longer part of the
1347        EPSG data base.
1348      </para>      </para>
1349      <para>      <para>
1350      Thuban is distributed with a sample collection of projections. The           The
1351      user can create new projections and make them available to all      user can create new projections and make them available to all
1352      future Thuban sessions. They may also be exported and imported so      future Thuban sessions. They may also be exported and imported so
1353      that custom projections can be distributed.      that custom projections can be distributed.
# Line 1000  Line 1414 
1414    
1415      <section><title>Table View</title>      <section><title>Table View</title>
1416          <para>          <para>
1417          <screenshot>          <figure>
1418          <screeninfo>Table View</screeninfo>          <title>Table View</title>
1419          <mediaobject>          <mediaobject>
1420          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/7_1_table_view.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/7_1_table_view.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
1421          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/7_1_table_view.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/7_1_table_view.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
         <textobject><phrase>Table View</phrase></textobject>  
         <caption><para>The Table View</para></caption>  
1422          </mediaobject>          </mediaobject>
1423          </screenshot>          </figure>
1424          </para>          </para>
1425          <para>          <para>
1426          Thuban provides a standard dialog to display table contents, the          Thuban provides a standard dialog to display table contents, the
# Line 1129  Line 1541 
1541    
1542          <section><title>Join</title>          <section><title>Join</title>
1543              <para>              <para>
1544              <screenshot>              <figure>
1545              <screeninfo>Join Tables</screeninfo>              <title>Join Tables</title>
1546              <mediaobject>              <mediaobject>
1547              <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/7_2_5_join.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>              <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/7_2_5_join.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
1548              <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/7_2_5_join.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>              <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/7_2_5_join.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
             <textobject><phrase>Join Tables</phrase></textobject>  
             <caption><para>The Join Tables Dialog</para></caption>  
1549              </mediaobject>              </mediaobject>
1550              </screenshot>              </figure>
1551              </para>              </para>
1552              <para>              <para>
1553              The              The
# Line 1217  Line 1627 
1627      </section>      </section>
1628    </chapter>    </chapter>
1629    
1630      <chapter><title>Extensions</title>
1631            <para>
1632            Thuban is designed to be extensible. The term Extension is used as a
1633            general term for anything that extends Thuban.
1634            This chapter introduces into some oppportunities how to add and
1635            handle extra functionality developed by your own or third parties.
1636            </para>
1637    
1638            <section><title>Add personal extensions via thubanstart.py</title>
1639                    <para>
1640                    After Thuban has been started for the first time, a directory
1641                    .thuban is created within your home directory.
1642                    There you can add a file thubanstart.py  which will be imported
1643                    by Thuban at start-up. It is recommended to add only import-statements
1644                    to this file to keep the actual code of extensions separate.
1645                    </para>
1646                    <para>
1647                    The modules to import must either be found through the environment
1648                    variable PYTHONPATH or directly be placed into the .thuban-directory.
1649                    </para>
1650                    <para>
1651                    As an example, copy the file examples/simple_extensions/hello_world.py
1652                    of the Thuban source code into the .thuban-directory of your home
1653                    directory. Now add add the statement import hello_world to the
1654                    file thubanstart.py and run Thuban. You will notice an additional
1655                    menu <menuchoice><guimenu>Extensions</guimenu></menuchoice> where
1656                    the new item for the Hello-World extension is placed - select it
1657                    to see the Hello-World message.
1658                    </para>
1659            </section>
1660    
1661            <section><title>Extensions included in Thuban package</title>
1662                    <para>
1663                    The extensions described in this section are part of the
1664                    Thuban package, but not activated by default.
1665                    You will find them in the Thuban installation directory
1666                    under <literal>Extensions/</literal>. Activate them as personal
1667                    extensions via PYTHONPATH as described in the previous section.
1668                    Stable extensions will appear under the menu
1669                    <menuchoice><guimenu>Extensions</guimenu></menuchoice> and
1670                    extensions which are in experimental state and therefore
1671                    not fully functional under
1672                    <menuchoice><guimenu>Experimental</guimenu></menuchoice>.
1673                    </para>
1674    
1675                    <section><title>Stable extensions</title>
1676                            <para>
1677                            These extensions provide extra-functionality to Thuban
1678                            that has not (yet) been integrated in the main application.
1679                            They are considered to be free of bugs, but may be
1680                            further polished with helpful user interactions.
1681                            </para>
1682                            <section><title>gns2shp</title>
1683                                    <para>
1684                                    This tool converts data of the Geospatial Names Server
1685                                    (GNS, see <ulink url="http://www.nima.mil/gns"/>)
1686                                    into Shapefile format.
1687                                    The above web-site offer to download named places
1688                                    information grouped by countries for all of the world
1689                                    except USA for which other data are provided.
1690                                    </para>
1691                                    <para>
1692                                    If you download and unpack a package, you will have
1693                                    a text-file with suffix .txt.
1694                                    Selecting such a file via gns2shp will create the
1695                                    corresponding Shapefile with the same basename and
1696                                    place it in the same direcory. Afterwards it
1697                                    is automatically loaded into Thuban.
1698                                    The Shapefile will not automatically be delete afterwards.
1699                                    </para>
1700                                    <para>
1701                                    The gns2shp.py module can also be executed on the
1702                                    command line for batch processing purposes.
1703                                    </para>
1704                                    <para>
1705                                    A sample (<literal>ls.txt</literal> for Liechtenstein)
1706                                    is included in the directory
1707                                    <literal>Extensions/gns2shp/test</literal>.
1708                                    </para>
1709                            </section>
1710                    </section>
1711                    <section><title>Experimental extensions</title>
1712                            <para>
1713                            All all of these functions have to be handled with care,
1714                            since they are neither complete nor well tested.
1715                            They are to be seen as a proof-of-concept and may
1716                            additionally in some cases of practical help.
1717                            </para>
1718                            <para>
1719                            Any interest on further improvement of these extensions
1720                            should be communicated towards the developer and user
1721                            community.
1722                            </para>
1723    
1724                            <section><title>importAPR</title>
1725                                    <para>
1726                                    This command offer to load an ESRI� ArcView� project
1727                                    file (suffix .apr) and convert it for use within Thuban.
1728                                    After selecting a apr-file to load, a list
1729                                    will be presented that offers to select one of the views
1730                                    of the apr-file, provided there is more than one.
1731                                    Furthermore, the Session Info-Tree is extended with
1732                                    a complete representation of the parsed apr-file.
1733                                    </para>
1734                                    <para>
1735                                    The legend of Thuban does not yet cover all of the elements as
1736                                    supported by the legend of ArcView�. Therefore, the Thuban
1737                                    map will look different. Furthermore, the apr-format is
1738                                    a proprietary format, not openly documented.
1739                                    Therefore, the interpretation is
1740                                    partly based on reverse engeneering and good guessing.
1741                                    </para>
1742                                    <para>
1743                                    The file-paths within the apr-file may not fit and potentially
1744                                    are subject to fix in the apr-file. You can do this
1745                                    applying any text editor. The paths are either absolute
1746                                    or relative from where Thuban has been started.
1747                                    </para>
1748                                    <para>
1749                                    A sample for the Iceland data is included as
1750                                    <literal>Extensions/importAPR/samples/iceland.apr</literal>.
1751                                    The file-paths are relative from the Thuban main directory.
1752                                    </para>
1753                            </section>
1754                    </section>
1755            </section>
1756    
1757            <section><title>Writing simple extensions</title>
1758                    <para>
1759                    Writing an extension for Thuban basically means to
1760                    implement the extra functionality in Python with all of the
1761                    Thuban classes, methods and variables available.
1762                    </para>
1763                    <para>
1764                    All classes and their methods are documented in the source code
1765                    (see their doc-strings). Here is an example from
1766                    Thuban/Model/layer.py that describes some of the methods
1767                    of a Layer object:
1768                    </para>
1769                    <programlisting>
1770                    <![CDATA[
1771    class BaseLayer(TitledObject, Modifiable):
1772    
1773        """Base class for the layers."""
1774    
1775        def __init__(self, title, visible = True, projection = None):
1776            """Initialize the layer.
1777    
1778            title -- the title
1779            visible -- boolean. If true the layer is visible.
1780            """
1781            TitledObject.__init__(self, title)
1782            Modifiable.__init__(self)
1783            self.visible = visible
1784            self.projection = projection
1785    
1786        def Visible(self):
1787            """Return true if layer is visible"""
1788            return self.visible
1789    
1790        def SetVisible(self, visible):
1791            """Set the layer's visibility."""
1792            self.visible = visible
1793            self.issue(LAYER_VISIBILITY_CHANGED, self)
1794    
1795        def HasClassification(self):
1796            """Determine if this layer support classifications."""
1797    ...
1798                    ]]>
1799                    </programlisting>
1800                    <para>
1801                    This example intends to give you an impression of the
1802                    source-code-level documentation.
1803                    You have to make yourself familiar with
1804                    the Python programming language to understand some special
1805                    code elements.
1806                    </para>
1807                    <section><title>hello_world.py</title>
1808                      <para>
1809                      Traditionally, the first example should welcome the world.
1810                      Most of the code handles the frame for integrating a menu
1811                      item into Thuban while the actual raising of a message
1812                      is done in a single line.
1813                      </para>
1814                            <programlisting>
1815                            <![CDATA[
1816    # Copyright (C) 2003 by Intevation GmbH
1817    # Authors:
1818    # Jan-Oliver Wagner <[email protected]>
1819    #
1820    # This program is free software under the GPL (>=v2)
1821    # Read the file COPYING coming with Thuban for details.
1822    
1823    """
1824    Extend Thuban with a sample Hello World to demonstrate simple
1825    extensions.
1826    """
1827    
1828    __version__ = '$Revision$'
1829    
1830    # use _() already now for all strings that may later be translated
1831    from Thuban import _
1832    
1833    # Thuban has named commands which can be registered in the central
1834    # instance registry.
1835    from Thuban.UI.command import registry, Command
1836    
1837    # The instance of the main menu of the Thuban application
1838    # See Thuban/UI/menu.py for the API of the Menu class
1839    from Thuban.UI.mainwindow import main_menu
1840    
1841    def hello_world_dialog(context):
1842        """Just raise a simple dialog to greet the world.
1843    
1844        context -- The Thuban context.
1845        """
1846        context.mainwindow.RunMessageBox(_('Hello World'), _('Hello World!'))
1847    
1848    
1849    # create a new command and register it
1850    registry.Add(Command('hello_world', _('Hello World'), hello_world_dialog,
1851                         helptext = _('Welcome everyone on this planet')))
1852    
1853    # find the extensions menu (create it anew if not found)
1854    extensions_menu = main_menu.FindOrInsertMenu('extensions', _('E&xtensions'))
1855    
1856    # finally bind the new command with an entry in the extensions menu
1857    extensions_menu.InsertItem('hello_world')
1858                            ]]>
1859                            </programlisting>
1860                    </section>
1861                    <section><title>Registering a Command</title>
1862                      <para>
1863                      Mainly, our new function has to be registered to the Thuban
1864                      framework in order to connect it to the menu. A registered
1865                      command can also be connected to e.g. a toolbar button.
1866                      </para>
1867                      <para>
1868                      The instances and classes for this are imported at the beginning.
1869                      Any code not inside a method or class is directly executed when
1870                      the source-code module is imported. Therefore, the second
1871                      part of this example consist of the plain statements to create a new
1872                      Command and to add it to the menu.
1873                      </para>
1874                      <para>
1875                      By convention, it looks for a menu registered as ``extensions'' to
1876                      insert the new command. If it does not exist yet, it gets created.
1877                      It is advisable to copy this code for any of your extensions.
1878                      </para>
1879                    </section>
1880                    <section><title>The Thuban context</title>
1881                            <para>
1882                            A registered command that is called, always receives the
1883                            Thuban context. This instance provides our method with
1884                            hook references to all important components of the Thuban
1885                            application.
1886                            </para>
1887                            <para>
1888                    In the example hello_world.py, our function uses the
1889                            mainwindow component which offers a method to raise a
1890                            message dialog. In total there are three hooks:
1891                            <itemizedlist>
1892                            <listitem>
1893                            <para>application:
1894                            This object is the instance of the Thuban Application class.
1895                            Except maybe for loading or savinf sessions, you will not
1896                            need this object for a simple extension.
1897                            See Thuban/UI/application.py for the API.
1898                            </para>
1899                            </listitem>
1900                            <listitem>
1901                            <para>session:
1902                            The instance of the current session. It manages the sessions'
1903                            map and tables. You can set and remove the map or tables.
1904                            In may also get the map object. However, you should know that
1905                            internally it is already prepared to handle many maps.
1906                            Therfore, currently you would always receive a list with exactlty
1907                            one element. In the future, if there are more than one map,
1908                            you will not know which one is the currently display one and
1909                            therefore you should use the mainwindow as hook to find
1910                            the currently displayed map.
1911                            See Thuban/Model/session.py for the API.
1912                            </para>
1913                            </listitem>
1914                            <listitem>
1915                            <para>
1916                            mainwindow: The mainwindow object is central to manage various
1917                            GUI things such as the Legend sub-window. Most notably,
1918                            you get access to the canvas which is the window part where
1919                            the map is drawn. The canvas knows, which map it currently
1920                            draws and therefore you get the current map via
1921                            context.mainwindow.canvas.Map().
1922                            See Thuban/UI/mainwindow.py for the API.
1923                            </para>
1924                            </listitem>
1925                            </itemizedlist>
1926                </para>
1927                    </section>
1928            </section>
1929      </chapter>
1930    
1931    <chapter><title>Trouble Shooting</title>    <chapter><title>Trouble Shooting</title>
1932      <para>      <para>
1933      Here are a few problems that users have encountered when first using Thuban.      Here are a few problems that users have encountered when first using Thuban.
1934      </para>      </para>
1935      <para>      <para>
     <variablelist>  
1936    
1937      <varlistentry>      <itemizedlist>
     <term>After adding two or more layers nothing is drawn in the map window.  
     </term>  
1938      <listitem>      <listitem>
1939        <para>After adding two or more layers nothing is drawn in the map window.
1940        </para>
1941      <para>      <para>
1942      This is probably because the layers have different projections. Projections      This is probably because the layers have different projections. Projections
1943      must be set on all layers and on the map itself if the layers' projections      must be set on all layers and on the map itself if the layers' projections
1944      are different.      are different.
1945      </para>      </para>
1946      </listitem>      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>  
1947    
     <varlistentry>  
     <term>Thuban crashes on startup with the error  
         <literal>NameError: global name 'False' is not defined</literal>.  
     </term>  
1948      <listitem>      <listitem>
1949        <para>Thuban crashes on startup with the error
1950            <literal>NameError: global name 'False' is not defined</literal>.
1951        </para>
1952      <para>      <para>
1953      <varname>True</varname> and <varname>False</varname> were only introduced      <varname>True</varname> and <varname>False</varname> were only introduced
1954      in Python 2.2.1. Thuban depends on at least Python 2.2.1.      in Python 2.2.1. Thuban depends on at least Python 2.2.1.
1955      </para>      </para>
1956      </listitem>      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>  
1957    
1958      <varlistentry>      <listitem>
1959      <term>After compiling Thuban, Thuban crashes with an error similar to      <para>After compiling Thuban, Thuban crashes with an error similar to
1960          <literal>          <literal>
1961          ImportError: /usr/local//lib/thuban/Thuban/../Lib/wxproj.so: undefined symbol: __gxx_personality_v0          ImportError: /usr/local//lib/thuban/Thuban/../Lib/wxproj.so: undefined symbol: __gxx_personality_v0
1962          </literal>          </literal>
1963      </term>      </para>
     <listitem>  
1964      <para>      <para>
1965      Thuban depends on the wxWindows library. If Thuban is compiled with an      Thuban depends on the wxWindows library. If Thuban is compiled with an
1966      incompatible version of the compiler than wxWindows was compiled with      incompatible version of the compiler than wxWindows was compiled with
# Line 1262  Line 1968 
1968      compiler.      compiler.
1969      </para>      </para>
1970      </listitem>      </listitem>
1971      </varlistentry>      </itemizedlist>
     </variablelist>  
1972      </para>      </para>
1973      <para>      <para>
1974      If an error occurs Thuban will display a dialog indicating the error      If an error occurs Thuban will display a dialog indicating the error
# Line 1274  Line 1979 
1979      More information about the system is available from      More information about the system is available from
1980      <menuchoice><guimenu>Help</guimenu><guimenuitem>About</guimenuitem></menuchoice> box.      <menuchoice><guimenu>Help</guimenu><guimenuitem>About</guimenuitem></menuchoice> box.
1981      This should also be included in the bug report.      This should also be included in the bug report.
1982      <screenshot>      <figure>
1983      <screeninfo>Error Dialog</screeninfo>      <title>Error Dialog</title>
1984      <mediaobject>      <mediaobject>
1985      <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/8_int_error.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>      <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/8_int_error.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
1986      <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/8_int_error.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>      <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/8_int_error.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
     <textobject><phrase>Error Dialog</phrase></textobject>  
     <caption><para>Error Dialog</para></caption>  
1987      </mediaobject>      </mediaobject>
1988      </screenshot>      </figure>
1989      </para>      </para>
1990    
1991    </chapter>    </chapter>
# Line 1319  Line 2022 
2022      </listitem>      </listitem>
2023      </varlistentry>      </varlistentry>
2024    
2025        <varlistentry>
2026        <term>PostGIS</term>
2027        <listitem>
2028            <para>
2029            PostGIS adds support for geographic objects to the PostgreSQL
2030            object-relational database. Different layer types (as for Shapefiles)
2031            are supported. <ulink url="http://postgis.refractions.net">PostGIS
2032            Homepage</ulink>
2033            </para>
2034        </listitem>
2035        </varlistentry>
2036    
2037        <varlistentry>
2038        <term>Raster files</term>
2039        <listitem>
2040            <para>
2041            Binding the GDAL library Thuban supports numerous raster file formats,
2042            see <ulink url="http://www.remotesensing.org/gdal/formats_list.html">
2043            GDAL format list</ulink> for details.</para>
2044    
2045            <para>Most commonly used is the <emphasis>TIFF/GeoTIFF</emphasis>
2046            format: Raster maps are provided as TIFF images, with an additional
2047            "world file" storing the geographic reference (usually with an
2048            extension ".tfw").
2049            </para>
2050        </listitem>
2051        </varlistentry>
2052    
2053      </variablelist>      </variablelist>
2054    </appendix>    </appendix>
2055    
2056      <appendix><title>Working with PostGIS</title>
2057      <para>
2058      This section focusses on the use of PostGIS in the Thuban framework. For
2059      installation and maintenance of spatial databases we refer to the  
2060      <ulink url="http://postgis.refractions.net">PostGIS Homepage</ulink>.
2061      The Thuban PostGIS support requires the
2062      <ulink url="http://initd.org/software/psycopg">psycopg module</ulink>.
2063      </para>
2064    
2065      <para>
2066            Working with PostGIS Databases is seperated into two steps:
2067            <itemizedlist>
2068            <listitem><para>Opening a Database Connection</para></listitem>
2069            <listitem><para>Loading a Data Layer</para></listitem>
2070            </itemizedlist>
2071      </para>
2072            <section><title>Opening a Database Connection</title>
2073            <para>
2074                    Before a data layer can be loaded from a PostGIS database a
2075                    connection with the database has to be established.
2076                    <menuchoice>
2077                    <guimenu>Session</guimenu>
2078                    <guimenuitem>Database Connections ...</guimenuitem>
2079                    </menuchoice> opens a dialog for database connection
2080                    management. In the dialog new connections can be added
2081                    and existing ones can be removed. Removing a database
2082                    connection is not possible if the map still displays a
2083                    layer provided by this database connection.
2084            </para>
2085        <figure>
2086        <title>Database Management Dialog</title>
2087        <mediaobject>
2088        <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/app_postgis_db_management.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
2089        <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/app_postgis_db_management.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
2090        </mediaobject>
2091        </figure>
2092    
2093            <para>
2094                    To add a new database connection to the session a dialog is
2095                    opened to specify the relevant connection data. Enter all
2096                    data relevant for your connection. If the connection fails
2097                    the dialog remains open and provides some hints on the failure.
2098            </para>
2099            <figure>
2100            <title>Add Database Dialog</title>
2101            <mediaobject>
2102            <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/app_postgis_db_add.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
2103            <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/app_postgis_db_add.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
2104            </mediaobject>
2105            </figure>
2106            
2107            <para>
2108            It is important to note that information on database connections are
2109            also stored with the session. Passwords are NOT stored. If you load a
2110            session with database connections you are asked to enter these
2111            passwords again where required.
2112            </para>
2113    
2114            </section>
2115    
2116            <section><title>Loading a Data Layer</title>
2117            <para>
2118            Data layers as part of a map are loaded with the
2119            <menuchoice>
2120            <guimenu>Map</guimenu>
2121            <guimenuitem>Add Database Layer ...</guimenuitem>
2122            </menuchoice> menu item. A dialog is raised displaying two choice
2123            lists. In the left list all connected databases are shown.
2124            Highlighting
2125            one of these and issuing a retrieval results in a list of available
2126            layer tables from that database. After selection of a
2127            layer the dialog is closed.
2128            </para>
2129            <figure>
2130            <title>Add Database Dialog</title>
2131            <mediaobject>
2132            <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/app_postgis_add_layer.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
2133            <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/app_postgis_add_layer.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
2134            </mediaobject>
2135            </figure>
2136            
2137            </section>
2138    
2139      </appendix>
2140    
2141    <appendix><title>Supported Projections</title>    <appendix><title>Supported Projections</title>
2142      <para>      <para>
2143      The following types of projections are directly support by      The following types of projections are directly support by
# Line 1329  Line 2145 
2145      to create custom projections. Thuban comes with predefined      to create custom projections. Thuban comes with predefined
2146      projections which are available through the Projections dialog.      projections which are available through the Projections dialog.
2147      </para>      </para>
2148      <variablelist>      <itemizedlist>
2149      <varlistentry>      <listitem>
2150          <term>Geographic</term>          <para>Geographic</para>
2151          <listitem><para><literal>Ellipsoid</literal></para>          <itemizedlist>
2152          <para><literal>Source Data</literal>: either Degrees or Radians          <listitem><para><literal>Ellipsoid</literal></para></listitem>
2153            <listitem><para>
2154                    <literal>Source Data</literal>: either Degrees or Radians
2155                  </para></listitem>                  </para></listitem>
2156      </varlistentry>          </itemizedlist>
2157      <varlistentry>      </listitem>
2158          <term>Lambert Conic Conformal</term>      <listitem>
2159          <listitem><para><literal>Ellipsoid</literal></para>          <para>Lambert Conic Conformal</para>
2160          <para><literal>Latitude of 1st standard parallel</literal></para>      <itemizedlist>
2161          <para><literal>Latitude of 2nd standard parallel</literal></para>          <listitem><para><literal>Ellipsoid</literal></para></listitem>
2162          <para><literal>Central Meridian</literal></para>          <listitem><para><literal>Latitude of 1st standard parallel</literal></para></listitem>
2163          <para><literal>Latitude of Origin</literal></para>          <listitem><para><literal>Latitude of 2nd standard parallel</literal></para></listitem>
2164          <para><literal>False Easting</literal> (meters)</para>          <listitem><para><literal>Central Meridian</literal></para></listitem>
2165          <para><literal>False Northing</literal> (meters)</para></listitem>          <listitem><para><literal>Latitude of Origin</literal></para></listitem>
2166      </varlistentry>          <listitem><para><literal>False Easting</literal> (meters)</para></listitem>
2167      <varlistentry>          <listitem><para><literal>False Northing</literal> (meters)</para></listitem>
2168          <term>Transverse Mercator</term>      </itemizedlist>
2169          <listitem><para><literal>Ellipsoid</literal></para>      </listitem>
2170          <para><literal>Latitude</literal>of origin</para>      <listitem>
2171          <para><literal>Longitude</literal>at central meridian</para>          <para>Transverse Mercator</para>
2172          <para><literal>Scale Factor</literal>at central meridian</para>      <itemizedlist>
2173          <para><literal>False Easting</literal> (meters)</para>          <listitem><para><literal>Ellipsoid</literal></para></listitem>
2174          <para><literal>False Northing</literal> (meters)</para></listitem>          <listitem><para><literal>Latitude</literal>of origin</para></listitem>
2175      </varlistentry>          <listitem><para><literal>Longitude</literal>at central meridian</para></listitem>
2176      <varlistentry>          <listitem><para><literal>Scale Factor</literal>at central meridian</para></listitem>
2177          <term>Universal Transverse Mercator</term>          <listitem><para><literal>False Easting</literal> (meters)</para></listitem>
2178          <listitem><para><literal>Ellipsoid</literal></para>          <listitem><para><literal>False Northing</literal> (meters)</para></listitem>
2179          <para><literal>Zone</literal>      </itemizedlist>
2180                  (can be guessed appling the Propose button)</para>      </listitem>
2181          <para><literal>Southern Hemisphere</literal> flag</para></listitem>      <listitem>
2182      </varlistentry>          <para>Universal Transverse Mercator</para>
2183      </variablelist>      <itemizedlist>
2184            <listitem><para><literal>Ellipsoid</literal></para></listitem>
2185            <listitem><para><literal>Zone</literal>
2186                    (can be guessed appling the Propose button)</para></listitem>
2187            <listitem><para><literal>Southern Hemisphere</literal> flag</para></listitem>
2188        </itemizedlist>
2189        </listitem>
2190        </itemizedlist>
2191            
2192      <para>      <para>
2193      Thuban comes with a sample set of map projections for various      Thuban comes with a sample set of map projections for various
2194      European countries. Apart from the basic projection they differ      European countries. Apart from the basic projection they differ
2195      especially in their parameterization:      especially in their parameterization:
2196      </para>      </para>
2197      <variablelist>      <itemizedlist>
2198      <varlistentry><term>Belgium Datum 1972 (Lambert Conic Conformal)</term>      <listitem><para>Belgium Datum 1972 (Lambert Conic Conformal)</para>
2199          <listitem><para></para></listitem>      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>  
2200    
2201      <varlistentry><term>Gauss-Boaga Zone 1 (Italy, Transverse Mercartor)</term>      <listitem><para>Gauss-Boaga Zone 1 (Italy, Transverse Mercartor)</para>
2202          <listitem><para></para></listitem>      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>  
2203    
2204      <varlistentry><term>Gauss-Krueger Zone 2 (Germany, Transverse Mercartor)      <listitem><para>Gauss-Krueger Zone 2 (Germany, Transverse Mercartor)
2205      </term>      </para>
2206          <listitem><para></para></listitem>      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>  
2207    
2208      <varlistentry><term>Reseau Geodesique Francaise      <listitem><para>Reseau Geodesique Francaise
2209      (France, Lambert Conic Conformal)</term>      (France, Lambert Conic Conformal)</para>
2210          <listitem><para></para></listitem>      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>  
2211    
2212      <varlistentry><term>UK National Grid (United Kingdom, Transverse Mercartor)      <listitem><para>UK National Grid (United Kingdom, Transverse Mercartor)
2213      </term>      </para>
2214          <listitem><para></para></listitem>      </listitem>
2215      </varlistentry>      </itemizedlist>
     </variablelist>  
2216    
2217      <para>      <para>
2218      Thuban uses the comprehensive PROJ library for projections. PROJ provides      Thuban uses the comprehensive PROJ library for projections. PROJ provides
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