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revision 1446 by jonathan, Thu Jul 17 14:59:17 2003 UTC revision 1496 by frank, Tue Jul 29 12:07:13 2003 UTC
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1  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2  <!DOCTYPE book  <!DOCTYPE book
3          PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"          PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
4          "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">          "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd"
5        [<!ENTITY imgscale "70">]>
6  <!-- $Revision$ -->  <!-- $Revision$ -->
7  <book>  <book>
8    <bookinfo>    <bookinfo>
# Line 12  Line 13 
13      <author>      <author>
14        <firstname>Jan-Oliver</firstname><surname>Wagner</surname>        <firstname>Jan-Oliver</firstname><surname>Wagner</surname>
15      </author>      </author>
16        <author>
17          <firstname>Frank</firstname><surname>Koormann</surname>
18        </author>
19      <copyright>      <copyright>
20        <year>2003</year>        <year>2003</year>
21        <holder>Intevation GmbH</holder>        <holder>Intevation GmbH</holder>
# Line 56  Line 60 
60          <screenshot>          <screenshot>
61          <screeninfo>The Main Window</screeninfo>          <screeninfo>The Main Window</screeninfo>
62          <mediaobject>          <mediaobject>
63          <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../mainwindow.png" format="PNG"/></imageobject>          <imageobject> <imagedata fileref="../images/1_2_mainwindow.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/> </imageobject>
64            <imageobject> <imagedata fileref="./images/1_2_mainwindow.ps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/> </imageobject>
65          <textobject><phrase>The Main Window</phrase></textobject>          <textobject><phrase>The Main Window</phrase></textobject>
66          <caption><para>The Main Window</para></caption>          <caption><para>The Main Window</para></caption>
67          </mediaobject>          </mediaobject>
# Line 64  Line 69 
69          </para>          </para>
70    
71          <para>          <para>
72          The map window (1) shows the current state of the map and is where          The map window shows the current state of the map and is where
73          the user can interact with the map using the tools.          the user can interact with the map using the tools.
74          </para>          </para>
75    
76          <para>          <para>
77          The legend on          The legend on the left displays a list of the current layers and
78          the left (2) displays a list of the current layers and any visible          any visible classification groups. In the example, each shape layer
79          classification groups. In the example, each shape layer has a default          has a default classification which specifies how the shapes in each
80          classification which specifies how the shapes in each layer are          layer are drawn. Layers that are higher in the list appear
81          drawn. Layers that are higher in the list appear ``closer'' to the          ``closer'' to the user. The legend can be closed by clicking on the
82          user. The legend can be closed by clicking on the small X in the          small X in the upper right-hand region of the legend.
83          upper right-hand region of the legend. To open it again, use          To open it again, use
84          <menuchoice>          <menuchoice>
85          <guimenu>Map</guimenu>          <guimenu>Map</guimenu>
86          <guimenuitem>Legend</guimenuitem>          <guimenuitem>Legend</guimenuitem>
87          </menuchoice>.          </menuchoice>.
88          The legend is also dockable, which means that it can be detached          The legend is also dockable, which means that it can be detached
89          from the main window by clicking on the small button next to the          from the main window by clicking on the small button next to the
90          close button. It can be attached again by clicking the same button          close button. It can be attached by clicking the same button
91          again.          again.
92          </para>          </para>
93          <para>          <para>
94          The status bar (3) displays different information depending on the          The status bar displays different information depending on the
95          current context. If the user is selecting an item from the menu          current context. If the user is selecting an item from the menu
96          then the status bar will display a short help message indicating          then the status bar will display a short help message indicating
97          what each menu item is for. If the user has a tool selected then          what each menu item is for. If the user has a tool selected then
98          the position of the cursor on the map is displayed.          the position of the cursor on the map is displayed.
99          </para>          </para>
100          <para>          <para>
101          The tool bar (4) provides quick access to the commonly needed tools.          The tool bar provides quick access to the commonly needed tools.
102          By hovering over each button the user can see a short messages          By hovering over each button the user can see a short messages
103          describing what the tool does. The tools provided are Zoom In, Zoom          describing what the tool does. The tools provided are Zoom In, Zoom
104          Out, Pan, Full Extent, Full Layer Extent, Full Shape Extent, Indentify,          Out, Pan, Full Extent, Full Layer Extent, Full Shape Extent, Identify,
105          and Label. Each of the tools will be explained in further detail later          and Label. Each of the tools will be explained in further detail later
106          in the manual.          in the manual.
107          </para>          </para>
# Line 112  Line 117 
117          <menuchoice>          <menuchoice>
118          <guimenu>File</guimenu>          <guimenu>File</guimenu>
119          <guimenuitem>New Session</guimenuitem>          <guimenuitem>New Session</guimenuitem>
120          </menuchoice>.          </menuchoice>.
   
121          If a session is already loaded and has been modified without          If a session is already loaded and has been modified without
122          being saved a prompt will ask if the current session should          being saved a prompt will ask if the current session should
123          be saved.          be saved. A new session consists of an empty map with no
124            layers and no tables.
125          </para>          </para>
126          </section>          </section>
127    
# Line 127  Line 131 
131          <menuchoice>          <menuchoice>
132          <guimenu>File</guimenu>          <guimenu>File</guimenu>
133          <guimenuitem>Open Session</guimenuitem>          <guimenuitem>Open Session</guimenuitem>
134          </menuchoice>.          </menuchoice>. A dialog box will open allowing the user to browse
135            for a Thuban Session file. Thuban session files end with
136            <varname>.thuban</varname>. Selecting a file a clicking
137            <guibutton>OK</guibutton> will load the session into Thuban.
138    
139          If a session is already loaded and has been modified without          If a session is already loaded and has been modified without
140          being saved a prompt will ask if the current session should          being saved a prompt will ask if the current session should
# Line 141  Line 148 
148          <menuchoice>          <menuchoice>
149          <guimenu>File</guimenu>          <guimenu>File</guimenu>
150          <guimenuitem>Save Session</guimenuitem>          <guimenuitem>Save Session</guimenuitem>
151          </menuchoice>.          </menuchoice>. A dialog box will open allowing the user to browse
152            the file system and select a place to save the session. Thuban
153            sessions should be saved under a name ending in
154            <varname>.thuban</varname>. If the file already exists the user
155            will be prompted to save under a different name or overwrite the
156            existing file.
157          </para>          </para>
158          </section>          </section>
159    
160          <section><title>The Session Info-Tree</title>          <section><title>The Session Info-Tree</title>
161            <para>
162            <screenshot>
163            <screeninfo>Session Info Tree</screeninfo>
164            <mediaobject>
165            <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/2_4_session_tree.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
166            <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/2_4_session_tree.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
167            <textobject><phrase>Session Info Tree</phrase></textobject>
168            <caption><para>Session Info Tree</para></caption>
169            </mediaobject>
170            </screenshot>
171            </para>
172          <para>          <para>
173                  (primarily for developers)          The session info-tree is primarily intended for developers working
174            with Thuban. It displays many of the internal values for the session,
175            map, and layers. It can be opened from
176            <menuchoice>
177            <guimenu>File</guimenu>
178            <guimenuitem>Session Tree</guimenuitem>
179            </menuchoice>.
180          </para>          </para>
181          </section>          </section>
182    </chapter>    </chapter>
183    
184    <chapter><title>Map Management</title>    <chapter><title>Map Management</title>
185      <para>      <para>
186        The map consists of a number of layers where each layer represents a
187        different type of data set. By interacting with the map the user can
188        visually explore the data.
189        </para>
190        <para>
191        The map can have a name that will appear in the Thuban title bar.
192        The map name can be changed using
193        <menuchoice>
194        <guimenu>Map</guimenu>
195        <guimenuitem>Rename</guimenuitem>
196        </menuchoice>.
197        </para>
198        <para>
199        <inlinemediaobject>
200        <imageobject>
201        <imagedata fileref="../images/3_rename_map.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/>
202        </imageobject>
203        <imageobject>
204        <imagedata fileref="./images/3_rename_map.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/>
205        </imageobject>
206        <textobject> <phrase>Rename Map</phrase> </textobject>
207        </inlinemediaobject>
208      </para>      </para>
209    
210          <section><title>Adding and Removing Layers</title>          <section><title>Adding and Removing Layers</title>
211          <para>          <para>
212            There are two types of layers that can use added to a map: shape layers
213            and image layers. Shape layers are stored in Shapefile format, a
214            standard file format for storing geographic objects. These
215            files have the extension ``.shp''. Associated with
216            the shape file is a database file which stores attributes for
217            each shape in the shape file. This file, in dBase format,
218            has the extension ``.dbf''. Both files must have the same base name.
219            For example, if there is a shape file named roads.shp there must
220            also be a file roads.dbf.
221            </para>
222            <para>
223            Shape layers can be added to the map with
224            <menuchoice>
225            <guimenu>Map</guimenu>
226            <guimenuitem>Add Layer</guimenuitem>
227            </menuchoice>.
228            Thuban will load all files with the same base name, so it doesn't
229            matter if the shape file or database file is selected.
230            </para>
231    
232            <para>
233            Image layers can be added to the map with
234            <menuchoice>
235            <guimenu>Map</guimenu>
236            <guimenuitem>Add Image Layer</guimenuitem>
237            </menuchoice>.
238            It is important to select a valid image file that has geographic
239            data associated with it. The data can be embedded in the file itself,
240            or in another file. If geographic information cannot be found, Thuban
241            will report an error.
242          </para>          </para>
243          </section>          </section>
244    
245          <section><title>Navigation</title>          <section><title>Navigation</title>
246          <para>          <para>
247            The map can be explored by using the navigation tools available on
248            the tool bar or from the
249            <menuchoice><guimenu>Map</guimenu></menuchoice> menu.
250            </para>
251            <para>
252            The ZoomIn tool
253            <inlinemediaobject>
254            <imageobject>
255            <imagedata fileref="../images/3_2_zoomin.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/>
256            </imageobject>
257            <imageobject>
258            <imagedata fileref="./images/3_2_zoomin.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/>
259            </imageobject>
260            <textobject> <phrase>ZoomIn Tool</phrase> </textobject>
261            </inlinemediaobject>
262            enlarges a region of the map. Clicking once on the map
263            will double the magnification and center the map on the point that
264            was clicked. Clicking and dragging selects a region that will
265            enlarged to fit the window.
266            </para>
267            <para>
268            The ZoomOut tool
269            <inlinemediaobject>
270            <imageobject>
271            <imagedata fileref="../images/3_2_zoomout.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/>
272            </imageobject>
273            <imageobject>
274            <imagedata fileref="./images/3_2_zoomout.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/>
275            </imageobject>
276            <textobject> <phrase>ZoomOut Tool</phrase> </textobject>
277            </inlinemediaobject>
278            shrinks the map so that a larger region is visible. A single click
279            reduces the magnification by a factor of two. Clicking and dragging
280            selects a box such that the current contents of the window will be
281            scaled to fit into that box.
282            </para>
283            <para>
284            The Pan tool
285            <inlinemediaobject>
286            <imageobject>
287            <imagedata fileref="../images/3_2_pan.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/>
288            </imageobject>
289            <imageobject>
290            <imagedata fileref="./images/3_2_pan.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/>
291            </imageobject>
292            <textobject> <phrase>Pan Tool</phrase> </textobject>
293            </inlinemediaobject>
294            allows the user to move the map around by clicking and dragging.
295            </para>
296            <para>
297            The Full Extent tool
298            <inlinemediaobject>
299            <imageobject>
300            <imagedata fileref="../images/3_2_fullextent.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/>
301            </imageobject>
302            <imageobject>
303            <imagedata fileref="./images/3_2_fullextent.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/>
304            </imageobject>
305            <textobject> <phrase>Full Extent Tool</phrase> </textobject>
306            </inlinemediaobject>
307            rescales the viewable region so that the entire map is visible.
308            </para>
309            <para>
310            The Full Layer Extent tool
311            <inlinemediaobject>
312            <imageobject>
313            <imagedata fileref="../images/3_2_fulllayerextent.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/>
314            </imageobject>
315            <imageobject>
316            <imagedata fileref="./images/3_2_fulllayerextent.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/>
317            </imageobject>
318            <textobject> <phrase>Full Layer Extent Tool</phrase> </textobject>
319            </inlinemediaobject>
320            rescales the viewable region so that the currently selected
321            layer fits within the window. If no layer is selected this button
322            will be disabled.
323            </para>
324            <para>
325            The Full Shape Extent tool
326            <inlinemediaobject>
327            <imageobject>
328            <imagedata fileref="../images/3_2_fullshapeextent.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/>
329            </imageobject>
330            <imageobject>
331            <imagedata fileref="./images/3_2_fullshapeextent.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/>
332            </imageobject>
333            <textobject> <phrase>Full Shape Extent Tool</phrase> </textobject>
334            </inlinemediaobject>
335            rescales the viewable region so that the currently selected
336            shape fits within the window. If the shape is a point, it is
337            centered and the map is zoomed all the way in. If no shape is
338            selected this button will be disabled.
339          </para>          </para>
340          </section>          </section>
341    
342          <section><title>Object Identification</title>          <section><title>Object Identification</title>
343          <para>          <para>
344            Objects on the map can be identified using the Identify tool
345            <inlinemediaobject>
346            <imageobject>
347            <imagedata fileref="../images/3_3_identify.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/>
348            </imageobject>
349            <imageobject>
350            <imagedata fileref="./images/3_3_identify.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/>
351            </imageobject>
352            <textobject> <phrase>Identify Tool</phrase> </textobject>
353            </inlinemediaobject>.
354            Clicking on an object selects that object and opens a dialog which
355            shows all the table attributes for that object. Any current selection
356            is lost.
357          </para>          </para>
358          </section>          </section>
359    
360          <section><title>Object Labelling</title>          <section><title>Object Labeling</title>
361          <para>          <para>
362            Objects can be labeled using the Label tool
363            <inlinemediaobject>
364            <imageobject>
365            <imagedata fileref="../images/3_3_label.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/>
366            </imageobject>
367            <imageobject>
368            <imagedata fileref="./images/3_3_label.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/>
369            </imageobject>
370            <textobject> <phrase>Label Tool</phrase> </textobject>
371            </inlinemediaobject>.
372            Clicking on an object selects that object and opens a dialog which
373            displays the table attributes for that object. An attribute can
374            be selected to be the label on the map. The label will be placed
375            at the center of the shape. Clicking on an object that already has
376            a label will remove the label.
377          </para>          </para>
378          </section>          </section>
379    
380          <section><title>The Legend</title>          <section><title>The Legend</title>
381            <para>
382            <inlinemediaobject>
383            <imageobject>
384            <imagedata fileref="../images/3_5_legend.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/>
385            </imageobject>
386            <imageobject>
387            <imagedata fileref="./images/3_5_legend.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/>
388            </imageobject>
389            <textobject> <phrase>Legend</phrase> </textobject>
390            </inlinemediaobject>
391            </para>
392          <para>          <para>
393            The Legend provides an overview of the layers in the map. Layers
394            that appear higher in the legend will appear ``closer'' to the user.
395            If a layer supports classification (currently, only shape layers
396            have this feature) then the classification groups will be shown
397            below each layer. The properties for each group are also displayed
398            with a small graphic. Polygon layers appear as rectangles, lines
399            appear as curved lines, and points appear as circles.
400            </para>
401            <para>
402            Along the top of the legend is a toolbar which allows quick access
403            to some of the layer manipulation options under
404            <menuchoice><guimenu>Map</guimenu></menuchoice>.
405            </para>
406    
407            <para>
408            The Move Layer to Top tool
409            <inlinemediaobject>
410            <imageobject>
411            <imagedata fileref="../images/3_5_totop.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/>
412            </imageobject>
413            <imageobject>
414            <imagedata fileref="./images/3_5_totop.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/>
415            </imageobject>
416            <textobject> <phrase>Move Layer to Top</phrase> </textobject>
417            </inlinemediaobject> raises the selected layer to the top of the map.
418            </para>
419    
420            <para>
421            The Move Layer Up tool
422            <inlinemediaobject>
423            <imageobject>
424            <imagedata fileref="../images/3_5_moveup.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/>
425            </imageobject>
426            <imageobject>
427            <imagedata fileref="./images/3_5_moveup.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/>
428            </imageobject>
429            <textobject> <phrase>Move Layer Up</phrase> </textobject>
430            </inlinemediaobject> raises the selected layer one level.
431            </para>
432    
433            <para>
434            The Move Layer Down tool
435            <inlinemediaobject>
436            <imageobject>
437            <imagedata fileref="../images/3_5_movedown.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/>
438            </imageobject>
439            <imageobject>
440            <imagedata fileref="./images/3_5_movedown.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/>
441            </imageobject>
442            <textobject> <phrase>Move Layer Down</phrase> </textobject>
443            </inlinemediaobject> lowers the selected layer one level.
444            </para>
445    
446            <para>
447            The Move Layer to Bottom tool
448            <inlinemediaobject>
449            <imageobject>
450            <imagedata fileref="../images/3_5_tobottom.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/>
451            </imageobject>
452            <imageobject>
453            <imagedata fileref="./images/3_5_tobottom.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/>
454            </imageobject>
455            <textobject> <phrase>Move Layer to Bottom</phrase> </textobject>
456            </inlinemediaobject> lowers the selected layer to the bottom of the map.
457            </para>
458    
459            <para>
460            The Visible tool
461            <inlinemediaobject>
462            <imageobject>
463            <imagedata fileref="../images/3_5_visible.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/>
464            </imageobject>
465            <imageobject>
466            <imagedata fileref="./images/3_5_visible.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/>
467            </imageobject>
468            <textobject> <phrase>Visible</phrase> </textobject>
469            </inlinemediaobject> shows the selected layer in the map if it was
470            hidden.
471            </para>
472    
473            <para>
474            The Invisible tool
475            <inlinemediaobject>
476            <imageobject>
477            <imagedata fileref="../images/3_5_invisible.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/>
478            </imageobject>
479            <imageobject>
480            <imagedata fileref="./images/3_5_invisible.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/>
481            </imageobject>
482            <textobject> <phrase>Invisible</phrase> </textobject>
483            </inlinemediaobject> hides the selected layer in the map.
484            </para>
485    
486            <para>
487            The Properties tool
488            <inlinemediaobject>
489            <imageobject>
490            <imagedata fileref="../images/3_5_props.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/>
491            </imageobject>
492            <imageobject>
493            <imagedata fileref="./images/3_5_props.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/>
494            </imageobject>
495            <textobject> <phrase>Properties</phrase> </textobject>
496            </inlinemediaobject> opens the layer's properties dialog box.
497            Double-clicking on a layer or a group of a layer will open the
498            properties dialog for that layer.
499          </para>          </para>
500          </section>          </section>
501    
502            <section><title>Exporting</title>
503            <para>
504            Under Windows, maps can be exported in Enhanced Metafile format
505            (<varname>.wmf</varname>)
506            from
507            <menuchoice>
508            <guimenu>Map</guimenu>
509            <guimenuitem>Export</guimenuitem>
510            </menuchoice>. Under other platforms this option is not available.
511            Clicking this menu item open a file selection dialog that lets the
512            user select a location to export the map.
513            </para>
514            </section>
515    
516          <section><title>Printing</title>          <section><title>Printing</title>
517          <para>          <para>
518            The map can be printed using
519            <menuchoice>
520            <guimenu>Map</guimenu>
521            <guimenuitem>Print</guimenuitem>
522            </menuchoice>. A standard printing dialog will open allowing the
523            user to configure the printer. This dialog will differ depending
524            on which platform Thuban is running.
525          </para>          </para>
526          </section>          </section>
527    
528    </chapter>    </chapter>
529    
530    <chapter><title>Layer Management</title>    <chapter><title>Layer Management</title>
# Line 194  Line 533 
533    
534          <section><title>Types of Layers</title>          <section><title>Types of Layers</title>
535          <para>          <para>
536            There are two types of layers supported by Thuban: shape layers and
537            image layers. Shape layers consist of vector based shapes with
538            geo-referenced coordinates. There are three types of supported
539            shapes: polygons, lines, and points. Image layers can be any image
540            file format supported by the Geo-spatial Data Abstraction Library
541            (GDAL). The images must have geographic
542            coordinate data either embedded within the file or in a separate
543            file that is in the same directory as the image file. GeoTIFF files
544            work very well with Thuban and were designed specifically to be image
545            layers in GIS programs.
546          </para>          </para>
547          </section>          </section>
548    
549          <section><title>Visibility</title>          <section><title>Properties</title>
550          <para>          <para>
551            To view the properties for a layer it must first be selected in the
552            legend. The menu option
553            <menuchoice>
554            <guimenu>Layer</guimenu>
555            <guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem>
556            </menuchoice> opens a dialog that displays a layer's properties.
557            All layers have a title and it can be modified in the text field
558            provided. The type of layer is also shows. If the type is a type
559            of shape (polygon, arc, point) the classification table will be
560            shown. Image layers have no other properties other than title
561            and type.
562            </para>
563            <para>
564            <screenshot>
565            <screeninfo>Properties Window</screeninfo>
566            <mediaobject>
567            <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/4_2_layer_properties.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
568            <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/4_2_layer_properties.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
569            <textobject><phrase>Properties Window</phrase></textobject>
570            <caption><para>The Properties Window for a Shape Layer</para></caption>
571            </mediaobject>
572            </screenshot>
573            </para>
574            <para>
575            <screenshot>
576            <screeninfo>Properties Window</screeninfo>
577            <mediaobject>
578            <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/4_2_raster_layer_properties.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
579            <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/4_2_raster_layer_properties.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
580            <textobject><phrase>Properties Window</phrase></textobject>
581            <caption><para>The Properties Window for an Image Layer</para></caption>
582            </mediaobject>
583            </screenshot>
584          </para>          </para>
585          </section>          </section>
586    
587          <section><title>Sequence</title>          <section><title>Visibility</title>
588          <para>          <para>
589            Sometimes it is not desirable to view all layers at the same time.
590            Some layers may take a long time to draw and so while navigating
591            around the map the user may not want to wait for the map to redraw
592            all the layers each time the map is changed. Each layer can be
593            independently turned on or off using the
594            <menuchoice>
595            <guimenu>Layer</guimenu>
596            <guimenuitem>Show</guimenuitem>
597            </menuchoice>
598            or
599            <menuchoice>
600            <guimenu>Layer</guimenu>
601            <guimenuitem>Hide</guimenuitem>
602            </menuchoice> options respectively.
603          </para>          </para>
604          </section>          </section>
605    
606          <section><title>Duplication</title>          <section><title>Duplication</title>
607          <para>          <para>
608            Layers and all their properties, including classifications, can
609            be duplicated using
610            <menuchoice>
611            <guimenu>Layer</guimenu>
612            <guimenuitem>Duplicate</guimenuitem>
613            </menuchoice>. Duplicating a layer is useful if the user wishes
614            to model a layer in several different ways. Even though the layers
615            overlap, by carefully selecting the shape properties it is possible
616            to display several pieces of information at once. For example, one
617            copy of a roads layer may be classified on a length property and
618            another copy may be classified on a type property. If the length
619            property was expressed with color and the type property expressed
620            with line thickness then it would be possible to view both
621            classifications by placing the type property copy over the
622            length property copy.
623          </para>          </para>
624          </section>          </section>
625    
         <section><title>Properties</title>  
         <para>  
         </para>  
         </section>  
626    </chapter>    </chapter>
627    
628    <chapter><title>Layer Classifications</title>    <chapter><title>Layer Classifications</title>
629      <para>      <para>
630        A layer classification is a way of assigning drawing properties to
631        groups of shapes based on attributes stored in the layer's table.
632        Only layer's with shapes can have a classification; image layers
633        cannot be classified.
634        </para>
635        <para>
636        A classification consists of a number of groups, each group
637        having a value or range of values to match against, and symbol
638        properties which control how a shape is drawn on the map. The user
639        selects which field in the table is used by the classification and
640        when the map is drawn the value for that field for each shape is
641        compared with each group's value. The properties of the first group
642        to match are used to draw the shape. This allows the user to get a
643        visual impression of not only how the data is laid out but also what
644        kind of data lies where.
645        </para>
646        <para>
647        A layer always has a classification. When a new layer is added to the
648        map, a default classification is created with the DEFAULT group. This
649        group cannot be removed. Every shape in the layer, regardless of its
650        attributes, will match this group if no other group matches.
651      </para>      </para>
652    
653          <section><title>Adding and Removing Classes</title>          <section><title>Editing Classifications</title>
654          <para>          <para>
655            A layer's classification can be modified under the properties dialog
656            (<menuchoice>
657            <guimenu>Layer</guimenu>
658            <guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem>
659            </menuchoice>). The layer's classification field can be set to None,
660            which simply assigns a DEFAULT group to the classification. No new
661            groups can be added to the classification if the field is None.
662            The user must first select a field to classify on. New groups can
663            be added to the classification with the <guibutton>Add</guibutton>
664            button.
665            </para>
666            <para>
667            <screenshot>
668            <screeninfo>Properties Window</screeninfo>
669            <mediaobject>
670            <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/5_classification.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
671            <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/5_classification.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
672            <textobject><phrase>Properties Window</phrase></textobject>
673            <caption><para>The Properties Window with Classifications</para></caption>
674            </mediaobject>
675            </screenshot>
676            </para>
677            <para>
678            The order of the groups in the classification is significant
679            except for the DEFAULT group, which remains at the top. When shapes
680            are matched against groups the matching begins at the first group
681            after the DEFAULT group so that groups higher in the list will
682            be checked first. Matching for a
683            given shape will stop at the first group that matches. The user can
684            use <guibutton>Move Up</guibutton> and <guibutton>Move Down</guibutton>
685            to change the order of the groups. The DEFAULT group will always
686            match a shape that hasn't matched another group.
687          </para>          </para>
688                <section><title>Visible</title>
689                <para>
690                The Visible column has check-boxes that determine whether a
691                classification group will be displayed in the legend. This is
692                useful if the user knows that the groups completely cover
693                the data set and don't want the DEFAULT group to be displayed
694                in the legend and on a printout.
695                </para>
696            </section>
697                <section><title>Symbols</title>
698                <para>
699                Each type of shape has its own type of symbol. Thuban supports three
700                types of shapes: polygons, lines, and points. Polygons and points
701                have outline and fill color, while lines have only line color. Each
702                group has associated symbol properties. To edit the symbol
703                properties for a group the user can double click on the Symbol
704                column or select a group and click the
705                <guibutton>Edit Symbol</guibutton> button.
706                </para>
707                </section>
708            <section><title>Value</title>
709                <para>
710                The Value column of the classification table is the value that will
711                be matched when the map is being drawn. The type of data that can
712                entered into this field depends on the type of data of the
713                classification field.
714                </para>
715                <para>
716                If the field is of type Text, anything entered
717                into the field is valid. The text will be compared literally to the
718                value of the shape attribute, including case sensitivity.
719                If the type is Integer, then any valid integer may be entered. In
720                addition, with special syntax, a range of values can be entered.
721                A range from <varname>start</varname> to <varname>end</varname>
722                inclusive is specified like this: <literal>[start;end]</literal>.
723                The exclusive range is specified like this:
724                <literal>]start;end[</literal>. Ranges can include infinity like
725                this: <literal>[-oo;oo]</literal>. Field types can also be of type
726                Decimal. They represent any rational number and can be used in
727                ranges as well.
728                </para>
729                </section>
730                <section><title>Label</title>
731                <para>
732                By default, the text that is displayed for a group in the legend
733                is the value for that group. The label can substitute a more
734                descriptive term in the legend.
735                </para>
736            </section>
737          </section>          </section>
738    
739          <section><title>Symbols</title>          <section><title>Generating Classes</title>
740          <para>          <para>
741            <screenshot>
742            <screeninfo>Generate Class</screeninfo>
743            <mediaobject>
744            <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/5_3_genclass.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
745            <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/5_3_genclass.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
746            <textobject><phrase>Generate Class</phrase></textobject>
747            <caption><para>The Generate Classifications Dialog</para></caption>
748            </mediaobject>
749            </screenshot>
750          </para>          </para>
         </section>  
   
         <section><title>Generating Classes</title>  
751          <para>          <para>
752            Creating a classification by hand can be tedious.
753            Thuban, therefore, provides a means of generating an entire
754            classification at once while still giving the user control over
755            how it appears. Clicking <guibutton>Generate Class</guibutton>
756            opens the <varname>Generate Classification</varname> dialog.
757            Under the <varname>Generate</varname> pull down there are at most
758            three different ways to generate classifications:
759            Unique Values, Unique Distribution, and Quantiles. Some options
760            may not be available if the data type for the field does not
761            support them. For instance, <varname>Unique Distribution</varname>
762            doesn't make sense for a Text field.
763          </para>          </para>
764            <para>
765            For every way of generating a classification, a color scheme must
766            be selected. Thuban provides several different color schemes that
767            affect how the group properties change over the classification.
768            It is also possible to create a custom color scheme. Selecting
769            this option will display two symbols: the one of the left has the
770            properties of the first group and the one on the right has the
771            properties of the last group. Thuban will interpolate between these
772            two properties to generate the other groups.
773            </para>
774            <para>
775            The Unique Values option lets the user select specific values that
776            appear in the table. Clicking <guibutton>Retrieve From Table</guibutton>
777            searches the table for all unique values and displays them in the
778            list on the left. Items can be selected and moved to the list on the
779            right. Each list can be sorted or reversed for easier searching.
780            The classification that is generated will be in the same order as
781            the list on the right.
782            </para>
783            <para>
784            The Unique Distribution option creates a user specified number of
785            groups of ranges such that each range covers equal intervals. The
786            minimum and maximum values can automatically be retrieved from the
787            table by clicking <guibutton>Retrieve From Table</guibutton>. The
788            stepping is how large each interval is. Adjusting this value will
789            automatically recalculate how many groups is appropriate.
790            </para>
791            <para>
792            The Quantiles option generates ranges based on the number of items
793            in the input set. For example, by specifying five groups Thuban will
794            generate five groups with appropriate ranges such that 20% of the table
795            data is in each group. If it is impossible to generate exact
796            groupings, Thuban will issue a warning but allow the user to continue.
797            </para>
798          </section>          </section>
799    </chapter>    </chapter>
800    
801    <chapter><title>Projection Management</title>    <chapter><title>Projection Management</title>
802      <para>      <para>
803        Projections control how the geographic data is displayed on the screen.
804        If multiple layers are loaded into Thuban where the geographic data
805        is in a different projection system, then the user must specify a
806        projection for each layer. The user must also tell Thuban which
807        projection the map is in. This can be the same as the layers or a different
808        projection in which case the layers are reprojected into that space.
809        The map projection can be set using
810        <menuchoice>
811        <guimenu>Map</guimenu>
812        <guimenuitem>Projection</guimenuitem>
813        </menuchoice> and the layer projection can be set using
814        <menuchoice>
815        <guimenu>Layer</guimenu>
816        <guimenuitem>Projection</guimenuitem>
817        </menuchoice>.
818        <screenshot>
819        <screeninfo>Projection Window</screeninfo>
820        <mediaobject>
821        <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/6_projection.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
822        <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/6_projection.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
823        <textobject><phrase>Projection Window</phrase></textobject>
824        <caption><para>The Projection Window</para></caption>
825        </mediaobject>
826        </screenshot>
827        </para>
828        <para>
829        Thuban is distributed with a sample collection of projections. The
830        user can create new projections and make them available to all
831        future Thuban sessions. They may also be exported and imported so
832        that custom projections can be distributed.
833      </para>      </para>
834            <section><title>Selecting a Projection</title>
835            <para>
836            The available projections are listed on the left. If the layer
837            or map already has a projection it will initially be highlighted
838            and will end with <varname>(current)</varname>. Selecting
839            <varname>&lt;None&gt;</varname> will cause Thuban to use the data as
840            it appears in the source file and will not use a projection.
841            </para>
842        </section>
843            <section><title>Editing a Projection</title>
844            <para>
845            Whenever a projection is selected from the list its properties
846            are displayed on the right. These properties can be changed
847            and the changes saved to the selected projection using
848            <guibutton>Update</guibutton>. Only a projection that comes
849            from a file can be updated, so if the current layer's projection
850            is selected, <guibutton>Update</guibutton> will be disabled.
851            <guibutton>Add to List</guibutton> adds the projection to the
852            list of available projections as a new entry, and thus makes it
853            available to future Thuban sessions. Clicking <guibutton>New</guibutton>
854            will create an entirely new, empty projection. The
855            <guibutton>Remove</guibutton> button will permanently remove a
856            projection from the list of available projections.
857            </para>
858        </section>
859            <section><title>Importing/Exporting Projections</title>
860            <para>
861            The projections that appear in the list of available projections
862            can be exported to another file that the user chooses. By selecting
863            one or more projections and clicking <guibutton>Export</guibutton>
864            the user will be able to select a file in which to store those
865            projections.
866            The file can then be distributed to other Thuban users. To import
867            a projection file the user can click <guibutton>Import</guibutton>.
868            The imported projections are added to the list and are then available
869            to the current session and any future Thuban sessions.
870            </para>
871        </section>
872    </chapter>    </chapter>
873    
874    <chapter><title>Table Management</title>    <chapter><title>Table Management</title>
875      <para>      <para>
876        Thuban distinguishes two different types of tables: Attribute tables
877        (which belong to a layer) and normal data tables. Both provide
878            the same general functionality with the difference that actions on an
879        attribute table might also effect the map display.
880      </para>      </para>
881    
882        <section><title>Table View</title>
883            <para>
884            <screenshot>
885            <screeninfo>Table View</screeninfo>
886            <mediaobject>
887            <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/7_1_table_view.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
888            <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/7_1_table_view.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
889            <textobject><phrase>Table View</phrase></textobject>
890            <caption><para>The Table View</para></caption>
891            </mediaobject>
892            </screenshot>
893            </para>
894            <para>
895            Thuban provides a standard dialog to display table contents, the
896            Table View. The view falls has five sections: The title, selections,
897            the table grid, export functions, and the status bar.
898            </para>
899            <para>
900            The title bar identifies the table with its name.
901            </para>
902            <para>
903            The selections box let the user perform simple analysis on the data
904            based on comparisons: The first choice must be a field identifier of
905            the table, the second choice determines the type of comparison. The
906            third choice can be either a specific value (interpreted as numerical
907            or string depending on the type of the first field) or a second field
908            identifier. Thus you can perform analysis like selecting all
909            records where "population > 10000" or
910            "cars_per_inhabitant <  bikes_per_inhabitant" (note that the field names
911            are only explanatory, the dBase files allow only
912            11 character field names).
913          
914            Selections can be combined either by applying a selection only on
915            a previously selected set of records or by adding the results of a
916            selection to a previous set. The default is that a selection replaces
917            earlier results.
918            </para>
919            <para>
920            The table grid shows the contents of the table (a record per column),
921            with highlighted selection results. Columns and rows can be resized.
922            </para>
923            <para>
924            The contents of a table can be exported into a file, either dBase
925            format (DBF) or comma separated values (CSV). The
926            <guibutton>Export</guibutton> button
927            raises a file dialog to specify a path and file name, the export type
928            is determined by the file extension (either .dbf or .csv).
929    
930            The <guibutton>Export Selection</guibutton> button works similarly
931            but exports only the selected records.
932    
933            The <guibutton>Close</guibutton> button closes the table view window.
934            This is different from the menu item
935            <menuchoice>
936            <guimenu>Table</guimenu>
937            <guimenuitem>Close</guimenuitem>
938            </menuchoice> which unloads the table from Thuban.
939            </para>
940            <para>
941            The status bar displays some statistics about the table and optional
942            selection results.
943            </para>
944        </section>
945    
946        <section><title>General Functionality (Menu Table)</title>
947            <para>
948            The general functions affect all tables open in Thuban. Attribute
949            tables are considered here as normal data tables (with the exception
950            that they cannot be closed).
951            </para>
952            <section><title>Open</title>
953                <para>
954                The
955                <menuchoice>
956                <guimenu>Table</guimenu>
957                <guimenuitem>Open</guimenuitem>
958                </menuchoice>
959                item raises a file dialog to let you select a
960                dBase file from the file system to be loaded into Thuban read-only.
961                On <guibutton>OK</guibutton> the selected file is loaded and a
962                table view is opened.
963                </para>
964            </section>
965    
966            <section><title>Close</title>
967                <para>
968                The
969                <menuchoice>
970                <guimenu>Table</guimenu>
971                <guimenuitem>Close</guimenuitem>
972                </menuchoice>
973                item raises a dialog listing the currently open
974                data tables
975                (loaded via
976                <menuchoice>
977                <guimenu>Table</guimenu>
978                <guimenuitem>Open</guimenuitem>
979                </menuchoice>). Selected tables are dereferenced on confirmation.
980                Since tables are opened read-only the contents of the tables are
981                not affected.
982    
983                Any open views of the tables are closed as well.
984    
985                Tables used in a join cannot be closed.
986                </para>
987            </section>
988    
989            <section><title>Rename</title>
990                <para>
991                <menuchoice>
992                <guimenu>Table</guimenu>
993                <guimenuitem>Rename</guimenuitem>
994                </menuchoice> changes the table title.
995                </para>
996            </section>
997    
998            <section><title>Show</title>
999                <para>
1000                The
1001                <menuchoice>
1002                <guimenu>Table</guimenu>
1003                <guimenuitem>Show</guimenuitem>
1004                </menuchoice>
1005                item raises a list of available tables (explicitly
1006                loaded, attribute tables, results of a join). Selected tables are
1007                show in tables views on <guibutton>OK</guibutton>.
1008                </para>
1009            </section>
1010    
1011            <section><title>Join</title>
1012                <para>
1013                <screenshot>
1014                <screeninfo>Join Tables</screeninfo>
1015                <mediaobject>
1016                <imageobject><imagedata fileref="../images/7_2_5_join.png" format="PNG" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
1017                <imageobject><imagedata fileref="./images/7_2_5_join.eps" format="EPS" scale="&imgscale;"/></imageobject>
1018                <textobject><phrase>Join Tables</phrase></textobject>
1019                <caption><para>The Join Tables Dialog</para></caption>
1020                </mediaobject>
1021                </screenshot>
1022                </para>
1023                <para>
1024                The
1025                <menuchoice>
1026                <guimenu>Table</guimenu>
1027                <guimenuitem>Join</guimenuitem>
1028                </menuchoice>
1029                item raises a dialog to specify the two tables to be
1030                joined. The join results in a new table named 'Join of "left table"
1031                and "right table"'.
1032    
1033                The dialog lets you select the two tables to be joined and the two
1034                fields the join has to be performed on. By default, the new
1035                table contains only those records which are matched by the join.
1036    
1037                If you want to preserve the records of the left table you can
1038                perform an outer join. The fields from the right table for records
1039                not matched by the join are filled with <varname>None</varname> in
1040                this case.
1041                </para>
1042            </section>
1043    
1044        </section>
1045        <section><title>Attribute Tables</title>
1046            <para>
1047                To clearly separate between both types, Thuban provides
1048            functionality regarding the attribute tables under the Layer menu.
1049            </para>
1050    
1051            <section><title>Show Table</title>
1052                <para>
1053                <menuchoice>
1054                <guimenu>Layer</guimenu>
1055                <guimenuitem>Show Table</guimenuitem>
1056                </menuchoice>
1057                opens the attribute table of the currently active layer in a table
1058                view.
1059    
1060                In addition to the functionality described above selections
1061                affect also the map display: objects related to selected records
1062                are highlighted.
1063                </para>
1064            </section>
1065    
1066            <section><title>Join Table</title>
1067                <para>
1068                Unlike the join described above, the join does not result in a
1069                new table. The attribute table of the currently active layer is the
1070                left table and other tables are joined to this table. The results of
1071                the join are available for classification.
1072    
1073                As a consequence, the join cannot result in fewer
1074                records than the source attribute table. The user is warned if the
1075                right table does not fulfill this constraint. An outer join must be
1076                used in such cases.
1077                </para>
1078            </section>
1079    
1080            <section><title>Unjoin Table</title>
1081                <para>
1082                As said above, a normal table cannot be closed while it is still
1083                used in a join. While the joined table resulting from a join of
1084                normal tables can be simply closed (and thereby dereferencing
1085                the source tables), this is not possible for attribute tables.
1086    
1087                Hence joins on attribute tables must be solved explicitly. This is
1088                what the
1089                <menuchoice>
1090                <guimenu>Layer</guimenu>
1091                <guimenuitem>Unjoin Table</guimenuitem>
1092                </menuchoice>
1093                item is used for: The last join for the currently
1094                active layer is solved.
1095                </para>
1096            </section>
1097        </section>
1098    </chapter>    </chapter>
1099    
1100    <chapter><title>Trouble Shooting</title>    <chapter><title>Trouble Shooting</title>
1101      <para>      <para>
1102      </para>      </para>
1103        <variablelist>
1104    
1105        <varlistentry>
1106        <term>After adding two or more layers nothing is being drawn in the
1107        map window.
1108        </term>
1109        <listitem>
1110        <para>
1111        This is probably because the layers have different projections. Projections
1112        must be set on all layers and on the map itself if the layer's projections
1113        are different.
1114        </para>
1115        </listitem>
1116        </varlistentry>
1117    
1118        <varlistentry>
1119        <term>Thuban crashes on startup with the error
1120            <literal>NameError: global name 'False' is not defined</literal>.
1121        </term>
1122        <listitem>
1123        <para>
1124        <varname>True</varname> and <varname>False</varname> were only introduced
1125        in Python 2.2.1. Thuban depends on at least Python 2.2.1.
1126        </para>
1127        </listitem>
1128        </varlistentry>
1129    
1130        <varlistentry>
1131        <term>After compiling Thuban, Thuban crashes with an error similar to
1132            <literal>
1133            ImportError: /usr/local//lib/thuban/Thuban/../Lib/wxproj.so: undefined symbol: __gxx_personality_v0
1134            </literal>
1135        </term>
1136        <listitem>
1137        <para>
1138        Thuban depends on the wxWindows library. If Thuban is compiled with an
1139        incompatible version of the compiler than wxWindows was compiled with
1140        this error may occur. Try compiling with a different version of the
1141        compiler.
1142        </para>
1143        </listitem>
1144        </varlistentry>
1145        </variablelist>
1146    
1147    </chapter>    </chapter>
1148    
1149    <appendix><title>Supported Data Sources</title>    <appendix><title>Supported Data Sources</title>
1150      <para>      <para>
1151      </para>      </para>
1152        <variablelist>
1153        <varlistentry>
1154        <term>Shapefile</term>
1155        <listitem>
1156            <para>
1157            The Shapefile format has become a standard format for saving
1158            geographic vector information. It supports polygons, lines, and
1159            points.
1160            
1161            <ulink url="http://www.esri.com/library/whitepapers/pdfs/shapefile.pdf">
1162            Technical Specification.
1163            </ulink>  
1164            </para>
1165        </listitem>
1166        </varlistentry>
1167    
1168        <varlistentry>
1169        <term>dBase file</term>
1170        <listitem>
1171            <para>
1172            dBase files are used to store the attributes for each layer. This
1173            is closely associated with the Shapefile format. For detailed
1174            specifications on the correct format of a dBase file used with
1175            Thuban please see the Technical Specification for the Shapefile
1176            format above.
1177            </para>
1178        </listitem>
1179        </varlistentry>
1180    
1181        </variablelist>
1182    </appendix>    </appendix>
1183    
1184    <appendix><title>Supported Projections</title>    <appendix><title>Supported Projections</title>
1185      <para>      <para>
1186        The following types of projections are directly support by
1187        Thuban. The specific values for each are provided by the user
1188        to create custom projections. Thuban comes with predefined
1189        projections and are available through the Projections dialog.
1190      </para>      </para>
1191        <variablelist>
1192        <varlistentry>
1193        <term>Geographic</term>
1194        <listitem><para></para></listitem>
1195        </varlistentry>
1196        <varlistentry>
1197        <term>Lambert Conic Conformal</term>
1198        <listitem><para></para></listitem>
1199        </varlistentry>
1200        <varlistentry>
1201        <term>Transverse Mercator</term>
1202        <listitem><para></para></listitem>
1203        </varlistentry>
1204        <varlistentry>
1205        <term>Universal Transverse Mercator</term>
1206        <listitem><para></para></listitem>
1207        </varlistentry>
1208        </variablelist>
1209    </appendix>    </appendix>
1210    
1211  </book>  </book>
1212    
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